The Multi-Store Model

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What is capacity, duration and mode of representation (mode of storage)?
Capacity- the size of the store. Duration- how long information retains in the store. Mode of representation (mode of storage)- the form in which information is encoded or stored.
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What is encoding?
Encoding- how memories are encoded, which means how they are registered as memories, such as by sound or smell.
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What is storage?
Storage- how memories are stored, which means how they remain as memories after they have been registered.
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What is retrieval?
Retrieval- how we retrieve memories when the output is needed, which means finding and accessing stored memories.
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What is the first store and what occurs here?
The first store is the sensory register. This is where the information comes into the brain from the senses and is held for a short amount of time.
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How long does the information last in the sensory register?
For up to two seconds.
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Where does the information attended to pass to? If not attended, what occurs to the information?
The information passes to the short-term memory. Any information that is not attended will be lost.
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How does the STM store information?
It stores information in auditory form (by sound).
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How long does information stay in the STM?
30 seconds.
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How many items or chunks can the STM hold?
It can hold between five and nine items or chunks.
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What happens to information that is rehearsed in the STM?
It passes into the long-term memory.
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How is rehearsal carried out?
Rehearsal is done in an acoustic form, for example; repeating it to yourself.
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How long can information stay in the LTM?
Potentially forever.
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How is information held in the LTM?
Information is held largely in semantic form, which means it is held according to meaning. It can also be visually or acoustically stored.
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What is a strength of the Multi-store model?
The experiments that provide support for the model are reliable because they have been repeated often and through being well controlled, are replicable. For example; Glanzer & Cunitz (1966)
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What is a weakness of the Multi-store model?
Although case studies such as Clive Wearing have suggested an area of the brain for STM. A study carried out by Schmolck et al (2002) gives far more detailed findings when looking at how brain damage affects memory.
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Weakness continued
The study of HM suggests that how memory works is actually very complex when it comes to showing where STM and LTM might be in the brain and how they might work. This complexity goes against the simplicity of the MSM.
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Card 2

Front

What is encoding?

Back

Encoding- how memories are encoded, which means how they are registered as memories, such as by sound or smell.

Card 3

Front

What is storage?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is retrieval?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the first store and what occurs here?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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