Region of the lobule that is furthest from the central vein. Has the highest levels of oxygen in its blood supply and has the highest metabolic activity. It's active in protein synthesis and secretes glucose
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Centrilobular
Region of the lobule that is closest to the central vein. Has the lowest amount of oxygen in its blood supply and the most enzymes from biotransformation. It is the most susceptible to damage and contains glucose removing cells
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Mediolobular
The region of the lobule that is in the middle
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Lobules
Hexagonal shaped and together form the lobes. Consist of: hepatocytes, sinusoidal lumen surrounded by endothelial cells, bile canaliculi connected to bile ducts.
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Hepatic artery
One of the blood supplies to the liver. It delivers oxygenated blood from the general circulation
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Hepatic portal vein
One of the blood supplies to the liver. It delivers deoxygenated blood from the small intestine containing nutrients (70% of the liver blood supply)
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Hepatic vein
The blood vessel that drains blood from the liver
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Space of Disse
The small space that separates the hepatocytes from the endothelial cells lining the sinusoid
System that filters the liver of toxic matter like dead cells, microorganisms, chemicals and drugs by use of Kupffer cells
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Kupffer cells
Cells that break down and ingest toxic matter
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Bile
A fluid containing bile salts, cholesterol, phospholipids, bilirubin, electrolytes and water
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Bile salts
Critical for digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. It is converted from cholesterol by hepatocytes
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Proteins
Albumin, glycoproteins, HDL and LDL, blood clotting factors
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Gallbladder
A small sac located under the liver. It serves as a reservoir until bile is needed in the small intestine to digest fats
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Gallstones
Crystallised salts of bile due to a high concentration. When they are trapped going to the intestine, they cause pain. Two types - cholesterol and pigment stones of bilirubin
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Hepatic steatosis
Simple fatty liver disease where excess fat accumulates in liver cells
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NASH
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis - where the excess fat in the liver causes inflammation
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Fibrosis
Any form of persistent hepatitis, including steatohepatitis, which causes scar tissue to form within the liver
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Cirrhosis
Where normal liver tissue is replaced with a lot of fibrosis. The structure and function of the liver are badly disrupted. Can lead to liver failure in severe conditions
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Region of the lobule that is furthest from the central vein. Has the highest levels of oxygen in its blood supply and has the highest metabolic activity. It's active in protein synthesis and secretes glucose
Back
Periportal
Card 3
Front
Region of the lobule that is closest to the central vein. Has the lowest amount of oxygen in its blood supply and the most enzymes from biotransformation. It is the most susceptible to damage and contains glucose removing cells
Back
Card 4
Front
The region of the lobule that is in the middle
Back
Card 5
Front
Hexagonal shaped and together form the lobes. Consist of: hepatocytes, sinusoidal lumen surrounded by endothelial cells, bile canaliculi connected to bile ducts.
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