The Liver 3.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? BiologyBiological molecules, organic chemistry and biochemistryA2/A-levelOCR Created by: lauren.glendenningCreated on: 12-04-16 20:40 What are liver cells called? Hepatocytes 1 of 30 What do liver cells do? Carry out hundreds of metabolic processes and play an important role in homeostasis. 2 of 30 What is it essential for liver cells to have? A very good blood supply. 3 of 30 What two sources of blood flow is the liver provided with? Oxygenated blood from the heart and deoxygenated blood from the digestive system 4 of 30 How does the blood from the heart reach the liver? From the aorta via hepatic artery into the liver. 5 of 30 Why is it essential that there is oxygenated blood in the liver? Because this supplies the liver with oxygen that is essential for aerobic respiration. 6 of 30 Why do liver cells need to carry out so much respiration? Because many of the metabolic processes requre energy (ATP) so a good supply of oxygen is needed so lots of aerobic respiration can take place. 7 of 30 How does blood from the digestive system reach the liver? Through the hepatic portal vein 8 of 30 Why is it essential that deoxygenated blood comes from here? Because the blood is rich in products of digestion 9 of 30 Is the concentration of compounds controlled? No it is uncontrolled and blood may also contain toxic compounds that have been absorbed in the intestine. 10 of 30 How does blood leave the liver? Through the hepatic vein. This rejoins the vena cava and blood returns to normal circulation. 11 of 30 How are cells, chambers and blood vessels arranged in the liver? In the best way possible to maximise contact between blood supply and liver cells. 12 of 30 What two parts is the liver divided into? Lobes and then smaller cylindrical lobules. 13 of 30 What happens when a hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein enters the liver? It splits into smaller and smaller vessels. 14 of 30 What are inter-lobular vessels? Vessels that run between and parallel to lobules 15 of 30 What happens when branches from the hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein enter lobules? Blood from two vessels mixes and passes along a special chamber called a sinusoid 16 of 30 What do sinusoids do? Empty into intra-lobular vessel (branch of hepatic vein) 17 of 30 What does the hepatic vein do? Drain blood from the liver 18 of 30 What is one function of the liver? Producing bile 19 of 30 Where is the bile released? Into a bile canaliculi (small canal) 20 of 30 What happens when the many bile canaliculi join together? They form a bile duct which transports bile to the gall bladder 21 of 30 Are liver cells specialised or unspecialised? Relatively unspecialised 22 of 30 What is the structure of a liver cell? Simple cuboidial shape with many microvilli on their surface 23 of 30 Name 3 functions of liver cells... Protein Synthesis, Transformation and storage of carbohydrates, synthesis of cholesterol and bile salts and detoxification 24 of 30 What is different about liver cell? Cytoplasm must be very dense and is specialised in amount of certain organelles it has 25 of 30 What are Kupffer cells? Specialised macrophages 26 of 30 What do Kupffer cells do? Move about within the sinusoids and are involved in the breakdown and recycling of old red blood cells. 27 of 30 What is a product of haemoglobin breakdown? Billirubin 28 of 30 What is billirubin excreted as part of? Bile and faesces 29 of 30 What is the significance of billirubin in feasces? It is the brown pigment 30 of 30
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