the behaviourist approach is only concerned with studying behaviour that can be observed and measured. it is not concerned with mental processes of the mind, introspection rejected by behaviourists as its concepts were vague and difficult to measure.
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controlled lab studies
behaviouists tried to maintain more control and objectivity within their research and relied on lab studies to achieve this.
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use of non-human animanls
behavioursts suggest the processes that govern learning are the same in all species, so animals can replace humans as experimental subjects.
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classical conditioning- Pavlov's research
conditioning dogs to salivate. UCS-> UCR, NS-> no response, NS+UCS (during conditioning), CS-> CR (after conditioning)
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operant conditioning- Skinner
Learning is an active process whereby humans and animals operate on their environment. behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences. Skinners box, push a lever to get food, push lever to stop electric.
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three types of consequences of behaviour
positive reinforcement- receiving rewards when behaviour is performed, negative reinforcement- when animal or human produces behaviour that avoids something unpleasant, punishment- an unpleasant consequence of behaviour
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strength 1- psychology scientific credibility
the approach focused on the careful measurement of observable behaviour within controlled lab setting. empasised the importance of replication and objectivity
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limitation 1- portays a mechanistic view
animals and humans are seen as passive and machine-like responders to the environment, with little conscious insight into their behaviour.
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strength 2- real-life application
the principles of conditioning have been applied to a broad range of real-world behavious and problems. token economy systems.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
behaviouists tried to maintain more control and objectivity within their research and relied on lab studies to achieve this.
Back
controlled lab studies
Card 3
Front
behavioursts suggest the processes that govern learning are the same in all species, so animals can replace humans as experimental subjects.
Back
Card 4
Front
conditioning dogs to salivate. UCS-> UCR, NS-> no response, NS+UCS (during conditioning), CS-> CR (after conditioning)
Back
Card 5
Front
Learning is an active process whereby humans and animals operate on their environment. behaviour is shaped and maintained by its consequences. Skinners box, push a lever to get food, push lever to stop electric.
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