The outer layer of the kidney where blood filtration occurs. It has a dense capillary network to carry blood from the renal artery to the nephrons.
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What is the medulla?
The inner area of the kidney made up of pyramids of tubule containing nephrons and collecting ducts.
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What role does the pelvis play an the function of the kidney?
The pelvis provides a central chamber for urine to collect before passing out through the ureter.
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Which arteriole enters the glomerulus?
The AFFERENT arteriole.
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Which arteriole leaves the glomerulus?
The EFFERENT arteriole.
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What is the bowman's capsule?
the bowman's capsule holds the glomerulus and is where substances are filtered out of the blood.
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Which coiled tubule comes straight after the bowman's capsule?
The PROXIMAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE, where many substances are reabsorbed back into the blood.
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Which coiled tubule feeds into the collecting duct?
The DISTAL CONVOLUTED TUBULE, where wall permeability varies to allow precise control of water levels.
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What is the collecting duct?
Where all the urine is transported to the ureter.
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Why are the glomerulus capillaries put under high pressure?
To force blood through the sieve like capillary wall.
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What is the basement membrane?
The basement membrane is a collagen fibre mesh which acts as a second sieve in the glomerulus. This means that whilst plasma can pass through, blood cells and proteins cannot.
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Where are podocytes located and what do they do?
Podocytes are in the wall of the bowman's capsule and act as a final filter to stop proteins and large molecules being filtered out of the blood.
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What is reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule?
Glucose, hormones, amino acids and vitamins are reabsorbed by active transport.
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What is reabsorbed by the descending limb of the loop of Henle?
Water is PASSIVELY reabsorbed as the descending limb is highly permeable to water.
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What is reabsorbed by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
Sodium and chloride ions diffuse out of the filtrate.
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How does ADH affect reabsorption?
ADH controls the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct for precise osmoregulation.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the medulla?
Back
The inner area of the kidney made up of pyramids of tubule containing nephrons and collecting ducts.
Card 3
Front
What role does the pelvis play an the function of the kidney?
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