The inaugementary System
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- Created by: Sarah
- Created on: 04-05-17 17:29
what layers are the dead layers?
lucidum and corneum
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what layer is only in thick skin?
lucidum
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how many layers does thick skin have?
5 layers
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how many layers does dermis have?
2 irregular layers
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where is vitamin D3 synthesised?
basale and spinosum
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what provides a barrier against infection?
keratin creates physical barrier, low PH inhibits bacterial growth and langerhan cells give immune response
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what sweat glands are responsible for 99% perspiration?
merocrine
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what part of the brain is the thermostat, important for temp regulation?
hypothalamus
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what percent of body weight does skin take up?
12-15%
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5 functions of skin?
1) protection 2)excretion+secretion 3) synthesis and storage (D3) 4) thermoregulation 5) sensory reception
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what are the accesory structures in the skin?
glands (2 sweat glands, sebaceous gland) hair and nails
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what does the sebacaeous gland produce?
sebum which is important fighting against infection but produces acne
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what skin has no hair?
thick skin
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what epithelium does the epidermis have?
stratified squamous keratinized
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how long does the life life cylce of keratinocytes take?
2-4 weeks
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where are the dead keratinocytes?
lucidum and corneum
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what layer has tactile cell?
stratum basale
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what do tactile cells do?
responsible for touch sense
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whats another word for tactile cells?
merkel cells
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where are keratinocytes born? where do they migrate to?
born in stratum basale, migrate upwards to corneu
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what are the 3 cell types in the stratum basale?
keratinocytes, melanocytes and tactile cells
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what are the 2 types of melanocytes?
eumelanin, pheomelanin
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what is eumenalin?
brown insoluble pigment
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why is eumelanin important?
procects us from UV from sun tans us
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what is pheomelanin?
red soluble pigment, constantly needs to be re-made
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what is the thickest layer of the epidermis?
stratum spinosum
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what layer of the epidermis has langerhans?
stratum spinosum
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how many dendritic langerhan cells can there be per mm^2?
800
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cells at the top of the spinosum have a what shape?
flattened shape
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what does the spinsoum have a higher content of?
keratin
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what is the last layer of the epidermis to have cells containing nuclei?
granulosum
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how many layers of flat keratinocytes are there in the granulosum?
3-5 layers
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what are the keratinocytes like in the granulosum?
post-mitotic, large amount of keratin and glycoprotein
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what does keratin form?
durable filaments
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why is glycolipid important?
makes skin water resistant, also barrier between upper and lower layers
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what are keratinocytes like in thelucidum?
densely packed no nuclei or organelles they are dead for sake!
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whatis the most superficial layer of the skin?
corneum
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how many layers of dead cells does the corneum have?
15-30 dead keratinized cells
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what is the corneum high in? why?
lipid for a permeability barrier
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what happens to cells at the surface of the corneum?
flake off
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what does the papillary layer do?
CT connected to the epidermi
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what is the reticular layer?
CT with lots of collagen
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how many layers is there in the dermis?
2 layers
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is the dermis or epidermis thicker?
dermis
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what do babies have that protects them?
adipocytes
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what is the hypodermis all abput?
fat layer contains adipocytes and CT
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what is another name for the hypodermis
subutaneous layer
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what cutaneous glands are there?
sebaceous, sweat, mammary, ceruminous
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what do ceriminous glands secrete?
ear wax
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how much water is excreted by merocrine day a gland?
0.5L
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how many merocine glands are there?
2-5 million
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what do apocrine glands do?
secrete product into armpit hair follicles
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what does the skin protect from leaving?
water
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what does the skin try and keep out?
infections
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3 ways the skin is a barrier?
1) biochemical 2)physical 3) immunological
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where is the papillary and reticular layer?
in the dermis
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how does the skin manage to be biochemical barrier?
sebum-bactericidal substances, sweat PH 4-6 unfavourable to bac
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what is the immunological barrier of the skin?
langerhan cells in the spinosum
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what layer is only in thick skin?
Back
lucidum
Card 3
Front
how many layers does thick skin have?
Back
Card 4
Front
how many layers does dermis have?
Back
Card 5
Front
where is vitamin D3 synthesised?
Back
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