The Heart and Cardiac cycle.

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Define double circulatory system.
The blood passes through the heart twice for every circuit of the body.
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Define single circulatory system.
The blood passes through the heart only once for every circuit of the body.
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Define closed circulation.
The blood is confined to blood vessels and doesn't leave.
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Define open circulation.
The blood is not confined to blood vessels and flows freely.
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Define systole and diastole.
Systole-contraction, Diastole-relaxation.
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What is the first stage of the cardiac cycle?
Atrial systole.
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What is the third stage of the cardiac cycle?
First stage of ventricular systole.
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What is the firth stage of the cardiac cycle?
Early ventricular diastole.
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What happens to the pressure and volume during diastole?
The volume increases and the pressure decreases so blood flows in from area of high pressure.
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What happens the pressure and volume during systole?
The volume decreases and the pressure increases so blood flows out to area of lower pressure.
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Why is the aortic pressure always high?
Due to elastic fibres.
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In terms of pressure which way does blood move?
From high to low pressure.
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What happens in atrial systole?
Forces small amount of blood into ventricles.
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What happens at stage 2 of the cardiac cycle?
Atrial systole ends and diastole begins.
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What happens in the first stage of ventricular systole?
The pressure pushes the AV valve closed so there is no back flow.
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What happens in the second stage of ventricular systole?
The pressure in the ventricles becomes higher than in the artery so the semi-lunar valve opens and blood flows in to area of lower pressure.
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What happens in early ventricular diastole?
Pressure in ventricles drops and blood flows against cusps of SL valve closing them, blood starts to flow into atria.
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What happens in late ventricular systole?
All chambers relaxed, ventricles passively fill with blood.
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What initiates the electrical signal in the controlling of the cycle?
Sino-atrial node.
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What receives the electrical impulse?
The atrio ventricular node.
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What takes the electircal impulse over the ventrical walls?
The bundle of his.
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Where does the electrical impulse end up?
The purkenye fibres in the septum.
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What does the atrio ventricular node do and why?
Delays the impulse so that atrial systole can finish before ventricular systole does so there is no back flow.
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Why is there a band of non-conducting tissue across the heart?
To help block the impulse to the ventricles.
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What are the three waves called in an ECG?
P,QRS,T.
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What does the P wave mean?
Excitation of atria-Atrial systole.
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What does the QRS wave mean?
Excitation of ventricles-Ventricular systole.
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What does the T wave mean?
Relaxation of the whole heart-Diastole.
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Where does the right side of the heart take blood to and from and through what arteries and veins?
The vena-cava brings blood back from the body and the pulmonary artery takes blood to the lungs.
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Where does the left side of the heart take blood to and from and through what arteries and veins?
The pulmonary vein brings blood back from the lungs and the aorta artery takes blood to the body.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Define single circulatory system.

Back

The blood passes through the heart only once for every circuit of the body.

Card 3

Front

Define closed circulation.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Define open circulation.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Define systole and diastole.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

pumpkinsw

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on card 8, is this asking about the fourth or fifth stage? that typo is confusing!

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