The Haber Process and Reversible Reactions

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What is the word equation for the production of ammonia in The Haber Process?
Nitrogen + Hydrogen ------- Ammonia
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What is the symbol equation for the production of ammonia in The Haber Process?
N + 3H -------- 2NH
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What are the three main conditions needed for the Haber Process?
Iron Catalyst, 200 Atmospheres (pressure) and 450"C (temperature)
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What does it mean if a reversible reaction reaches 'equilibrium'?
Reactions occur at the same rate in both directions (in this case ammonia is produced at the same rate as nitrogen and hydrogen)
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What happens in the Haber Process?
1. N and H are put into a reaction vessel which has the conditions of an Iron catalyst, 200 atmospheres and 450"C 2. H + N react 3. Ammonia gas comes out and is condensed to a liquid 4. Waste N and H is recycled back into the vessel
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What effect does a change in pressure have on a reversible reaction?
Increased pressure favours the direction of reaction that produces the least number of molecules. Decreased pressure favours the direction that produces the highest number of molecules.
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Therefore, what pressure is needed to increase the production of ammonia in the Haber Process. Why?
High Pressure (200 atmospheres) because the Ammonia side has the least number of molecules, so there will be more reactions that produce ammonia rather than Hydrogen or Nitrogen
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What effect does a change in temperature have on a reversible reaction?
Higher temperature - the endothermic reaction is increased creating a lower yield of the product but a faster rate of reaction. Lower temperatures - the exothermic reaction is increased creating more yield of the product but a lower rate of reaction.
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Therefore what temperature is needed to increase the production of Ammonia in The Haber Process? Why?
Its a sort of compromise (450"C) we want to increase the reaction rate and to do this we have to sacrifice a certain amount of yield.
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Low pressure means?...
low yield and lower rate of reaction
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High pressure means?...
high yield and higher rate of reaction
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Low temperature means?...
high yield but lower rate of reaction
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High temperature means?...
low yield but higher rate of reaction
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Card 2

Front

What is the symbol equation for the production of ammonia in The Haber Process?

Back

N + 3H -------- 2NH

Card 3

Front

What are the three main conditions needed for the Haber Process?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does it mean if a reversible reaction reaches 'equilibrium'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens in the Haber Process?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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