The Enlightenment

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  • Created by: HazelF97
  • Created on: 31-05-17 15:08
What was the enlightenment?
Intellectual movement in Europe, 1740-89
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What did the enlightenment do?
Challenged a wide range of views, the nature of society and people's relationships with each other, explored the ideas of freedom and equality.
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Who led the enlightenment in France?
Writers and thinkers- philosophes
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What was the important work of the French enlightenment?
The Encylopaedia, it challenged the way people thought. It dealt with reason and practical topics like agrigulture.
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How was The Encylopaedia controversial?
Scientific approach challenged the church and other institutions.
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Who were the most influential philopsophes?
Montesqui, Volatire and Rousseau. They expressed a deep dislike of organised religion. Discussed how social and political institutions might be changed for the people. Questioned the institutions of the ancient regime. Did not advocate revolution.
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Montesque
Criticised royal absolutism. Role of the aristocracy to limit the power of the royals
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Voltaire
Criticised the Catholic Church and religious intolerance. Believed religion was necessary to preserve public morals. Defended royal authority
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Rousseau
Despotic monarch could be overthrown by their subjects. Sovereignty resided in the people, not the king.
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Impact of Voltaire
Popular novel Candide was banned for blasphemy. He was imprisoned in the Bastille.
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What was the purpose of a salon?
Helped to spread enlightened ideas
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What was a salon?
An aristocratic hostess invited a range of nobles and bourgeoisie to discuss art, literature and politics. Sometimes deals were made between the kings political ministers in solons.
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Where else were enlightened ideas discussed?
Cafes and Masonic lodges. Growing number of newspapers: 3 in 1700, 80 in 1785
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Who entered France into the American war of Independence and when?
Louis XVI in 1778
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Why did Louis XVI enter the war?
Americans were fighting for independence from the British rule, France was sympathetic to the colonists' fight for liberty and democracy.
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Who went to America to help?
Marquis de Lafayette and idealistic french aristocrats.
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How many troops served in America? What was its impact?
8,000. Returned to France in 1783. They brought renewed ideas about liberty and democracy. The example of overthrowing a political authority and building a new order.
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What did the enlightenment do?

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Challenged a wide range of views, the nature of society and people's relationships with each other, explored the ideas of freedom and equality.

Card 3

Front

Who led the enlightenment in France?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the important work of the French enlightenment?

Back

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Card 5

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How was The Encylopaedia controversial?

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