The Cold War in Asia - China

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Who did the USA support in China?
Jiang Jeshi
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Why did the USA not give Jiang the full support he needed?
Jiang was a lost cause and only full scale military intervention would have helped. The USA wanted to demobilise the army quickly, and they had a Europe first policy. He was not supported by most politicians.
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How did Jiang's reactions to the Japanese invasion of China affect his popularity?
He refused to work with the CCP and lost much support because of it. It showed that he was willing to put his pride above his country.
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Who was Jiang the leader of?
GMD
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When did Japan invade China?
1937
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Jiang lost support when he became leader because he employed many ....... ....... who had served in previous unpopular regimes.
Corrupt bureaucrats
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Did the GMD have secret police?
Yes, they were very oppresive.
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What was Jiang's unsuccessful economic policy?
He printed vast quantities of bank notes which were not supported by wealth. This led to hyperinflation.
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Between 1937-1945 how much had prices risen by under Jiang's government.
Between 1937-1945 prices rose by 6000 times.
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Because of the hyperinflation, different cities had different what?
Exchange rates
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Jiang's government raised what?
Taxes
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Jiang's military officers sold what on the black market?
Food. The soldiers went unfed.
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What was the desertion rate of Jiang's army? How did they try to prevent this?
70%. Some units tied up the men to prevent this.
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How did Jiang raise his army?
Conscription
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Who did Jiang not trust?
Successful generals. He did not listen to them.
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Who did Jiang lose the support of?
The middle classes
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How much did Stalin help Mao to win in China?
Although the USSR helped the CCP to acquire Japanese arms after the Japanese surrender in August 1945, in reality Stalin remained true to the commitments made at Yalta in February 1945. Stalin agreed to support Jiang’s leadership of China
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What did Moscow order in 1949?
They ordered the communists not to cross the Yangtze River to unite northern and southern China under CCP rule. Mao ignored the advice.
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The Soviet ambassador was one of the .... to realise that the Communists were winning.
Last
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What techniques did Mao use in defeating Japan?
He used guerrilla warfare.
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Mao had much support from who?
The peasantry
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What percentage of the population were landlords and richer peasants under Jiang? What percentage of land did they own?
10% were landlords. They owned 70% of land.
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How much did poor peasants have to give as rent under Jiang's regime?
50% and 80% of their crops.
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Give an example of how important the peasantry was to Mao's victory?
1949 at the final crucial battle of Xuzhou in which the CCP was aided by 2 million peasant labourers
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How many rules of conduct did Mao have?
8
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What were communist soldiers told to pay for?
Communist soldiers were told to hep villagers to pay for what they had damaged.
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What were Mao's soldiers told not to do?
Molest women and not to dig toilets near homes.
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How did Mao utilise the peasants that could not fight?
They delivered propaganda
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What technique was often used by the CCP when fighting?
They used the strategy of withdrawal many times. This provoked an ill-judged pursuit by the enemy. They fought a mobile war.
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Mao raised middle class support because of what?
He was lenient
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Who was the CCP leader?
Mao
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why did the USA not give Jiang the full support he needed?

Back

Jiang was a lost cause and only full scale military intervention would have helped. The USA wanted to demobilise the army quickly, and they had a Europe first policy. He was not supported by most politicians.

Card 3

Front

How did Jiang's reactions to the Japanese invasion of China affect his popularity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Who was Jiang the leader of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When did Japan invade China?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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