The Clock Symphony - Haydn

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1.Where and when was Haydn born?
1732 in an Austrian village on the Hungarian border
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2. Describe how did the baroque orchestra develop into the classical?
Baroque - Harpsichord, few instruments / Classical - Conductor replaced harpsichord (more instruments), less natural brass, more strings.
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3. what instruments were not included in an orchestra until the romantic period?
Oboe, clarinets, brass section increase, conductor, PIANO
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4. What key is the movement in?
G major
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5. What is the marked tempo at the opening?
Andante (walking pace) crochet = 60
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6. What is a natural brass instrument and what does this mean?
Have no valves so can only play notes of the harmonic series. They must use their lips to change pitch so they are limited to what they can do, means they have a simple part.
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7. What is a transposing instrument?
An instrument not at concert pitch so is written differently so it sounds the same
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8. How do transposing instruments effect the way the music looks
Clarinets in A, Horns in G, trumpets in C - It has a different key signature
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9. How does Haydn establish the key at the beginning of the movement?
Bassoons play "G, B and D" = G major triad / f# in key signature
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10. How is ticking created?
Using short quavers of chord I - bassoons, violin 2 and cellos // use of Pizzicato to mimic short tick // andante (speed of a clock)
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11. In the opening what key is there a push towards in the Violin melody?
D major (uses C#) - dominant
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12. In the second part of the main theme what do the dynamics do?
p then f etc, swaying like clock ticking
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13. Whilst the oboe has a inverted dominant pedal, wat do the strings do?
Sequential movement
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14. When the main theme returns, what has happened?
It is doubled in the flute for emphasis.
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15. The next episode is in what key?
G minor - tonic minor
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16. What kind of texture happens between the strings?
antiphonal (call and response)
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17. At figure 2 there is polyphonic texture with who?
Angular figure in strings // semiquavers in vln2 and viola // arpeggios in cello
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18. when the main theme returns, how is it different?
18. when the main theme returns, how is it different?
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19. The main them modulates to what key?
Eb major - flattened submediant
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20. What interesting rhythm is used after figure 6?
semiquaver sextuplets
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21. What dynamic is the coda?
ff - fortissimo
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22. In the last two bars, what returns?
Ticking but much slower and pp
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23. what cadence is heard at the end of the movement?
Perfect
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24. What is the structure of the movement?
Rondo and Variation
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25.What is the main texture?
homophonic
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26. The harmony is DIPS, what does that stand for?
Diantonic, Imperfect cdences, Perfect, Simple (major or minor)
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27.How is contrast created between sections?
changing key // dynamic changes // timbre changes
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28. How has Haydn used musical elements to develop the original melody?
Rhythm - semiquaver sextuplets in accompaniment // Hrmony - chromatosism in accompaniment // tonality - Eb major, G minor // melody - acciaccaturas // Timbre - flute doubling V melody // dynamics - ff anf f contrast to p
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29. How has Haydn used musical elements to create a sense of "balance"?
2/4 tempo, Andante// timbre- typical orchestra/arco&pizz
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30. How is Haydns clock symphony typical of the classical era?
Primary chord (I/V/IV) // perfect cadences // Diatonic // Modulations from G// 2nd movement is slower // Polyphonic texture // mainly p and f // Srtring family has main melody // melodies are expressive
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31. How has Haydn used musical elements to create surprise when entering the B section?
Dynamics - sudden forte // More instrumentation // pizz strings play arco // different feel // modulation to tonic minor
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32. give two factors about Haydns use of dynamics
1. ticking motif is p or pp // contrasting sections are much louder
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33. How is contrast created between sections?
Variations of main theme // Modulation // dynamics // instrumentation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

2. Describe how did the baroque orchestra develop into the classical?

Back

Baroque - Harpsichord, few instruments / Classical - Conductor replaced harpsichord (more instruments), less natural brass, more strings.

Card 3

Front

3. what instruments were not included in an orchestra until the romantic period?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

4. What key is the movement in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

5. What is the marked tempo at the opening?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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