The Cell Lecture 5

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  • Created by: saraht83
  • Created on: 01-05-16 16:34
Cytoskeleton
communication and transport between all the different areas
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Microtubules
rigid intercellular skeleton, tracks motor proteins can move along, formed from polymerization of tubulin monomers, stabilised by embedding in centrosome.
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Centrosome
serves as main microtubule organising centre, key role in mitosis
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PCM
proteins responsible for microtubule nucleation + anchoring
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Centrioles
9-triplet microtubule assembly, constantly grow + shrink
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Colchicine
binds tightly to single tubulin molecules + prevents polymerisation, exposure of cell to this prevents spindle formation, taxol has opposite effect
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Motor proteins
use microtubule network as scaffold to position organelles, energy used to move along microtubules or actin filaments
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Kinesins
move toward plus end (cell edge), E.R. receptor, organelle movement, transport RNA + proteins, assembly cilia/flagella, signalling pathways, mitotic spindle formation
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Dyneins
move toward minus end (centrosome), golgi apparatus receptor, cytoplasmic, ciliary etc.
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Microtubules in cilia and flagella arranged in...
9+2 array
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Basal body
base of each flagellum or cilium
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Myosin
first motor protein to be discovered, moves along actin filaments, abundant in skeletal muscles, other types found in non-muscle cells
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Microfilaments
made of actin (protein), determine + stabilize cell shape, help entire cell/part of cell to move, involved in cytoplasmic streaming + formation of pseudopodia
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Fish Keratinocytes
non-pigmented cell in fish scaled, migrate very rapidly in culture, interference w/ actin halts cell migration
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Actin filaments + microtubules work together to...
polarize cytotoxic T cells
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Polarization
plasma membrane senses difference, transmembrane signal generated, actin cortex reorganised, centrosome moves to that part of cell, repositions internal membrane system
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Intermediate filaments
found in multicellular organisms, tough ropelike structures, prominent in cells subject to mechanical stress, forms nuclear lamina, elongated fibrous molecules, two coiled coil dimers form antiparallel tetrametric subunits: non-polarized
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Vimentin
most widely distributed of the cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins present in so many protein cell types
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Card 2

Front

rigid intercellular skeleton, tracks motor proteins can move along, formed from polymerization of tubulin monomers, stabilised by embedding in centrosome.

Back

Microtubules

Card 3

Front

serves as main microtubule organising centre, key role in mitosis

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

proteins responsible for microtubule nucleation + anchoring

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

9-triplet microtubule assembly, constantly grow + shrink

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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