secreted by cells, diffuse into extracellular fluid and are distributed by the circulatory system
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Endocrine cells
aggregate into secondary organs called endocrine glands
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Growth hormone
synthesized and secreted by anterior pituitary, acts on many tissues to promote growth, stimulates cells to take up amino acids and liver to produce insulin-like growth factors which stimulate bone/cartilidge growth
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Gigantism
overproduction of GH in children
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Pituitary dwarfism
underproduction of GH
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Plant growth hormone
plant embryo secretes gibberellins, triggers changes in the aleurone layer inside seed coat causing it to synthesize and secrete enzymes that digest proteins and starch stored in endosperm
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Plant gibberellins
not proteins, large family of closely related organic compounds
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Gibberellin A1
controls plant stem elongation, treating dwarf plants with this restores normal growth
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Fungal sex pheromones
allow fungi to recognise cells of opposite mating type and promote mating
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Yeast alpha-factor
short peptide that is processed by cleavage from long polypeptide, secreted from yeast alpha cells and detected by yeast a cells, promotes mating between a and alpha cells
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