It is the failure of the coronary arteries to supply enough oxygen to the myocardium caused by fatty deposits of fatty materials in the coronary arteries of the heart.
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Inactive sedentary lifestyle
Means that a person is not active or not moving.
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Stroke
Blockage of the coronary arteries supplying the brain. (FAST)
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Heart attack
More severe/ sudden restriction of oxygen to the cardiac muscle (Heart). Mostly obstructed by fatty deposits.
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Angina
Intense chest pain - due to the lack of oxygen, to the heart muscles. (Partial blockage - to the coronary artery.
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CHD - Coronary Heart Disease
UK's biggest killer - 94,000 deaths a year. Main cause of death in the Western world.
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How can we prevent CHD ?
Regular exercise, not smoking, a healthy diet. Exercise should be gradual, but higher intensity should offer greater protection such as cycling (less stress on the body).
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Blood pressure
The measure of the pressure at which the blood flows through your body. The average is 120mmHG/ 80mmHG - Systolic contracting and Diastolic relaxed.
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What can cause high blood pressure?
Arteriosclerosis - the thickening/ hardening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls, reducing ability/ efficiency to vasodilate and constirct.
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What does smoking do?
It increases the resistance/ decreases the efficiency of vascular shunt mechanism, smoking accelerates this process.
The fatty substance/ lipids made in the liver, it is carried in the blood by proteins - both combined lipoproteins (genetics/inherited).
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HDL (Good)
Carry cholesterol away from the cells to be broken down or passed out of the body as a waste product.
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LDL (Bad)
Carries cholesterol to the cells they need, if there's too much cholesterol, there is a build up of plaque within the artery walls (disease of the arteries).
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Atherosclerosis
Process of progressive thickening and hardening of the walls - (deposition of fatty deposits in the arteries). By the plaque being deposited, lumen of the vessels is decreased - narrowing blood clots, restricting the blood flow to the muscles.
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Hypertension
Abnormally high blood pressure ( 140mmHg / 90mmHg)
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Cardiac output (Q)
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute. Stroke Volume, (SV) X Heart Rate (HR) = Q
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Stroke Volume
The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per beat.
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What is the average cardiac output?
5 L/min
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What is the average stroke volume?
70ml
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What is Bradycardia?
Meas that you heart beats very slowly, means you are fitter - lower bpm (Less than 60 bpm)
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What does maximal mean?
High intensity, the maximum that your heart can work at -(only sustained for short periods of time). 220 - age
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What does submaxial mean?
Lower intensity, the heart can sustain this for long periods of time - at a comfortable
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Anticipatory rise
Rise caused by an increase in adrenaline - cardiac output.
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