The Brain Stem: Sleep, Circadian Rhythms , Homeostasis ( Part 1 ) 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyWhat is Sleep , Brain Structure of arousal ,UniversityNone Created by: AnjelalaCreated on: 15-12-17 01:16 What is sleep characterised by ? - Altered states of consciousness - Period of altered bodily processes - Decreased response to stimuli - Moderate decrease in brain activity 1 of 19 What are the four different states that differ to the sleep state? 1)vegetative state 2)Coma state 3)minimally conscious state 4)Brain death 2 of 19 Define a Coma? - Low but steady brain activity during extended period of unconsciousness -Little response to stimuli from person 3 of 19 Define vegetative state ? - Alternation between moderate arousal and periods of sleep , no awareness of surroundings 4 of 19 Define minimal conscious state? - One stage higher than vegetative state - brief occasional purposeful actions and limited speech comprehension 5 of 19 Define brain death? -No response to stimulus - No Sign of brain activity 6 of 19 What can the EEG record? - Gross electric potential with the use of electrodes attached to the scalp. 7 of 19 What are the 4 EEG frequency bands ? 1) Alpha 2)Beta 3)Theta 4)Delta 8 of 19 What is REM ? -Rapid eye movement - stage of sleep - associated with dreaming 9 of 19 Expand on the sleep characteristic of 'Period of altered body processes' 1) Different body temperatures 2) Different immune system activity 3) Slower respiratory and heart rate 10 of 19 Which part of the brain is responsible of arousal ? -Reticular formation 11 of 19 Where is the reticular formation found ? (brain structure of Arousal) - Part of midbrain , which extends from the medulla to forebrain. 12 of 19 What happens if the reticular formation gets damaged? ( Brain structure of arousal ) - Decreased awareness - possibility of a coma 13 of 19 What is the Pontomesencephalon ? - part of the reticular formation - stimulation wakes person from sleep - stimulation increase awareness of conscious person 14 of 19 What is the Locus Coeruleus? -Part of the pontomesencephalon - releases norepinephrine in response to meaningful events. -important for info storing 15 of 19 What is the Hypothalamus? - contains orexin neurotransmitter releasing neurons -contains histamine releasing neurons 16 of 19 What does the release of histamine do ? -Produces widespread excitatory effects throughout the brain 17 of 19 What do the basal forebrain cells ? - Release GABA , a inhibitory neurotransmitter crucial for sleep 18 of 19 What else does the basal forebrain release as well as GABA? Some axons release acetylcholine , excitatory that increases arousal 19 of 19
Comments
No comments have yet been made