The atmosphere 0.0 / 5 ? Environmental Science/StudiesThe Physical EnvironmentA2/A-levelAQA Created by: SpannahCreated on: 07-06-18 15:06 The correct structure of the atmosphere is?.. troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere 1 of 33 Composition of gases in our atmosphere (order of highest to lowest % of the atmosphere) Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon dioxide, Rare gases, Water vapour 2 of 33 What is a natural source of tropospheric ozone? There is none 3 of 33 Which has the largest relative effect per molecule in the greenhouse effect? CFC's 4 of 33 Which has the smallest relative effect per molecule in the greenhouse effect? carbon dioxide 5 of 33 What happens to atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude in the troposphere? it decreases 6 of 33 What happens to atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude in the stratosphere and the mesosphere? it stays the same 7 of 33 What happens to temperature with increasing altitude in the troposphere? it decreases 8 of 33 What happens to temperature with increasing altitude in the stratosphere? it increases 9 of 33 What happens to temperature with increasing altitude in the mesosphere? it decreases 10 of 33 How is the stratosphere heated? from above - UV light from the sun 11 of 33 How is the troposphere heated? from below - IR from Earth 12 of 33 Where is the greenhouse gas layer? the stratosphere 13 of 33 Where is the ozone layer found? the stratosphere 14 of 33 'the % of incoming light reflected from a surface' is a definition of what? albedo 15 of 33 Roughly what proportion of the incoming radiation from the sun is absorbed by the Earth's surface? 48% 16 of 33 What is the energy absorbed by greenhouse gases? IR energy from the Earth 17 of 33 A positive feedback mechanism... increases the original change 18 of 33 What is a negative of using dendrochronology as a form of proxy data? it doesn't give us an actual amount of CO2 present, just an idea/indication (data is qualitative) 19 of 33 What is another form of proxy data that can be used? pollen grains preserved in sediment 20 of 33 What does the Paris agreement want to limit global temperatures to? - keep 'well below' 2 degrees above pre-industrial times 21 of 33 What is an example of a possible 'geoengineering' strategy? Putting solar shields in orbit to reduce the sunlight reaching Earth 22 of 33 In ozone formation, what occurs? UV splits diatomic oxygen, and each monatomic atom reacts with a diatomic molecule 23 of 33 What occurs in ozone depletion? UV splits ozone into a stable diatomic molecule and a reactive O atom 24 of 33 What is an effect of UVB radiation? skin cancer/ DNA damage 25 of 33 What was the Rowland-Molina hypothesis? They suggested that the chemical properties of CFC's could lead to ozone depletion in the stratosphere 26 of 33 How are CFC's affected by UV in the stratosphere? UV is absorbed, the carbon-to-chlorine bonds are broken and chlorine free radicals are released 27 of 33 What impact to chlorine free radicals have? they react with monatomic oxygen, meaning ozone can't be formed 28 of 33 When were CFC's first developed? 1920's 29 of 33 What were CFC's used in? refrigerators 30 of 33 What DU level indicates an 'ozone hole'? 220 31 of 33 Why is ozone depletion greatest over Antarctica? stratospheric clouds & ice crystals, and the 'polar vortex' 32 of 33 Has the Montreal protocol been successful? yes, its reducing the severity of ozone depletion 33 of 33
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