One long continuous length (all synthetic and silk)
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what is a staple fibre
It is short and has to be spun together to make a yarn (these are from natural fibres)
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Issues to include:
Social, cultural, ethical, environmental
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What is a blended fibre?
A combination of two or more different fibres spun together when the yarn is made An example of this is Cotton and Polyester This is because it would be lightweight, poor absorber, elastic, quick drying and crease resistant
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What is a mixed fibre?
A mixed fibre is where one type of yarn is mixed with at least one other in the fabric production A common example is the mix of cotton yarns with lycra to give extra strength and comfort
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What are the main reasons for blended and mixed fibres?
To improve the appearance of a fabric To improve the quality of a fabric so that it is more durable stronger and easy to care for To improve the handle of a fabric so that drapes better, is easier to sew and can keeps its shape well
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Blended = combination of fibres
.
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mixed = combination of yarns
.
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What are the three main types of fabric constructions?
Warp yarns run vertically Weft yarns run horizontally The selvedge is the side that doesn’t fray Computer aided manufacture
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Key characteristics of weaving?
Edges don’t fray unless cut Strongest along the straight grain of fabric Don’t stretch unless cut on bias or elastain has been woven in
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What are the two ways of producing non- wovens?
felted, bonded
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What types of fibres are used in felting?
Short staple fibres
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What are the three methods of making bonded fabrics?
Dry laid Wet laid Direct spun
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What are felted and bonded fabrics used for?
hats, jackets, coats, Cover of snooker table
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What are the properties of felted and bonded fabrics?
Not strong, Do not fray, Cheap to produce, Weaker when wet
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What are laminated fabrics?
They are made by bonding two or more fabrics together.
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What are the features of wool felt?
Good insulators, Good crease resistant, Has no grain
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What are the features of needle felt?
Does not fray, Light weight, More elastic
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What is knitting?
Is made from the interlocking of loops using one or more yarns
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Why are knitted fabrics warm?
The yarns loops trap air to provide insulation
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How has the use of CAD and CAM helped in knitting?
Medical purposes, Seamless garments
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Where is geotextiles used?
It is used in landfill sites to protect membrane
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Where is carbon fibre used?
It is used in phones/ dash boards/ formula 1 cars
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Where is medical textiles used?
It is used to make surgical implants
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Where is interactive textiles used?
It is used in ski jackets
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What is a SMART fabric?
A fabric that can respond to outside influences without human intervention is considered a SMART fabric
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What is an interactive fabric?
A fabric that incorporates electronics that are reactivated
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What is ergonomics?
Understanding how the body moves and therefore how garments need to be made to fit the human body and function correctly
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What is Anthropometrics?
The study of body sizes; there are standards for men, women, children, hands, feet and heads
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What is the bias?
The weave of the fabric which is parallel to the selvedge. The straight grain can also follow the weft threads.
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What are the responsibility's of health and safety officers?
Display warning notices, Carry out risk assessments, Organise safety training , Ensure that machinery, equipment and tools are stored safely, Check that the environment is safe with clean and tidy work areas
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What is thermo chromic colour?
It encapsulates into the surface of fabrics or printed on the surface and reacts to heat and changes colour
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