Textiles

?
Commercial Names: Tactel
Nylon
1 of 73
Commercial Names:Lycra
Spandex/ Elastane
2 of 73
Commercial Names: Tencel
Lyocell
3 of 73
Commercial Names: Tricell
Triacetate Rayon
4 of 73
Commercial Names:Trevira
Polyester
5 of 73
Commercial Names: Polar Fleece
Polyester
6 of 73
Definition of a Fibre
A fine and flexible textile raw material.
7 of 73
Definition of a Yarn
A fine continuous length of fibres or filaments, with or without twists.
8 of 73
Why are twists put into yarns?
To make the yarns stronger.
9 of 73
Types of Twists
'Z twist' clockwise or 'S twist' anti-clockwise.
10 of 73
How are folded yarns made?
By twisting together 2 or more single yarns.
11 of 73
Why are yarns folded?
To make them stronger and to achieve special effects.
12 of 73
How is blending achieved?
By spinning 2 or more fibres together to make a yarn.
13 of 73
Popular blends include:
Polyester/ Cotton
14 of 73
How is blending achieved?
By spinning 2 or more fibres together to make a yarn.
15 of 73
Popular blends include:
Polyester/ Cotton. Polyester/ Wool. Wool/ Nylon. Cotton/ Viscose.
16 of 73
Definition of Woven Fabrics
A textile formed by weaving. Produced on a loom.
17 of 73
In which way does the Warp run?
Vertical, Up and Down.
18 of 73
In which was does the Weft run?
Horizontal, Left to Right.
19 of 73
Construction of a Plain Weave
The warp and weft are aligned so they form a simple criss-cross pattern.
20 of 73
Construction of a Twill Weave
The crossing of the warp and weft are offset to give a diagonal pattern on the fabric surface.
21 of 73
Types of Pile Weaves
Warp Pile Weave, Weft Pile Weave and Uncut Loop Pile Weave.
22 of 73
Weft-Knitted Fabric
Made from a single yarn which is fed across the width of the fabric.
23 of 73
Warp-Knitted Fabric
Made on a straight or circular knitting machine, loops interlock vertically, along the length of the fabric.
24 of 73
Properties of Single Jersey Knit
(Weft Knit) stretchy, drapes well, doesn't crease easily, ladders easily.
25 of 73
Properties of Double Jersey
(Weft Knit) durable, not very elastic, retains shape.
26 of 73
Properties of Warp Knit
Some elasticity, does not ladder, can't be unravelled.
27 of 73
Definition of Non-Woven Fabrics
Made directly from fibres rather than from a yearn, through bonding or felting.
28 of 73
Properties of Felt
No strength, drape or elasticity. Does not fray, warm to wear and resilient.
29 of 73
Bonded-fibre Fabric
Made from a web of fibres, bonded with adhesives or solvents.
30 of 73
Definition of Smart Materials
A material which is able to react to changes in the environment without human intervention.
31 of 73
Smart Materials include one that:
monitor body functions, provide support, change colour, are self cleaning and track movement.
32 of 73
Why do fabrics have a 'finish' to them?
To make them more suitable for use.
33 of 73
Types of Finishes
Physical, Chemical, Biological.
34 of 73
The physical finishing process:
uses heat, pressure/ steam and machine processes.
35 of 73
The chemical finishing process:
uses chemicals, which have an impact on the environment.
36 of 73
The biological finishing process:
uses natural enzymes, which have little impact on the environment.
37 of 73
Types of Physical Finishing Processes
Brushing, Calendaring, Heat-setting.
38 of 73
Types of Chemical Finishing Processes
Bleaching, Shrink Resistant, Crease Resistant, Flame Resistant.
39 of 73
Types of Biological Finishing Processes
Bio-stoning.
40 of 73
What is the role of the British Standards Institute?
They develop the tests that set standards that products have to meet to ensure their safety and quality.
41 of 73
Tests done in Industry
Tests are carried out on fibres, yarns and fabric before they are manufactured.
42 of 73
What does the Kite Mark show?
That the product has been independently tested under strict conditions and complies with BSI standards.
43 of 73
What does the CE Mark show?
The product meets the European Safety Standards.
44 of 73
What is the definition of dyeing?
The permanent application of a colorant to a fibre to give a uniform colour.
45 of 73
Different classifications of Dyeing
Direct Dye, Reactive Dye and Acid Dye.
46 of 73
Definition of Colour Fastness
The resistance of the material's colour to fading or running.
47 of 73
Process of Hand Dyeing
Fabric is immersed into dye bath. When desired colour is achieved the fabric is removed. Fabric is then rinsed to remove excess dye.
48 of 73
What does the strength of the dye colour depend on?
Amount of time in the dye bath, absorbency of the fabric, the original fabric colour.
49 of 73
What is Block Printing?
Using metal or wooden blocks to make different shapes through stamping colours on to fabrics.
50 of 73
What is Screen Printing?
A pattern is printed onto fabric through a stencil held in place by a screen.
51 of 73
Ways in which materials can be joined:
Stitching, Fusing and Heat-sealing.
52 of 73
What is Stitching?
Stitching 2 fabrics together producing an unfinished seam.
53 of 73
What is Fusing?
Permanently joining 2 fabrics together using an adhesive resin.
54 of 73
What is Heat-sealing?
Setting a material in shape, such as pleats.
55 of 73
What is CAD?
Computer-aided design, all the computer applications and hardware devices that can be used to aid digital design.
56 of 73
Advantages of use CAD
Quick, Easy to test, Modify ideas, reduces Mistakes, cuts Costs.
57 of 73
What is CAM?
Computer-aided manufacturer, using software to operate machine tools.
58 of 73
Uses of CAM
Knitting, Weaving, Cutting, Sewing, Embroidery.
59 of 73
Advantages of using CAM
Quick, Consistent, Efficient, Accurate.
60 of 73
Definition of One-Off Production
A one-off textile product is made to meet an individuals requirements.
61 of 73
Definition of Batch Production
Items are produced in specific quantities.
62 of 73
Definition of Mass Production
Items are produced in large quantities.
63 of 73
Definition of Just-in-Time Stock Control
Materials and components are delivered a short time before they are needed.
64 of 73
Why are care labels important on textile products?
They give the consumer useful information needed about product maintenance.
65 of 73
Information included on care labels:
Fibre content, flammability, standard care symbols, standard size.
66 of 73
Job of the Fashion Designer
Creating and producing products, keeping up to date with trends, selecting and buying materials, overseeing production.
67 of 73
Job of the Buyer
Managing stock levels, writing reports, presenting new ranges, seeking feedback, training junior staff.
68 of 73
Job of the Merchandiser
Planning ranges, producing layout plans, monitoring slow sellers, training junior staff.
69 of 73
Job of the Fabric and Garment Technologist
Spinning fibres into yarns, identifying latest fabric trends, overseeing processes, ensuring quality of products.
70 of 73
Job of the Display Designer
Making presentations for potential clients, coming up with design ideas, working within a budget.
71 of 73
Environmental Issues within Textiles
Use of fertilisers and pesticides, deforestation due to crops, use of chemicals, waste, packaging.
72 of 73
Moral Issues within Textiles
Exploitation of workers, use of pesticides and fertilisers, working conditions.
73 of 73

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Spandex/ Elastane

Back

Commercial Names:Lycra

Card 3

Front

Lyocell

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Triacetate Rayon

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Polyester

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Textiles resources:

Colour
See all Textiles resources »See all ALL resources »