Textile construction

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plain weave
The most common weave which provides endless variations of plain, thick, thin fancy, coloured yarns.
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calico
low cost, come in different weights. used to make toile's or sample product
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voile
sheer, low count, transparent. made from high twist yarns popular in cotton and cotton blends and also and from polyester, wool, rayon and silk.
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poplin
tight and shiny warp the warp can be made out of cotton, rayon or mixture or both. got a stout cord gives it a ridge structure gives it depth and softness to the lustre of the silky surface.
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Cotton lawn
fine, sheer fabric. tight plain weave and graceful drape. finish is soft or crisp not as stiff as poplin
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gingham
medium or fine yarns, two colour alternate in the warp and weft, it has no right or wrong.
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taffeta
a crisp, smooth plain weave, made from silk or synethic fibres. warp and weft are tightly set. rustling when you move and gives a sculptured look.
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crepe
has a crinkled surface. weaving: alternate s- and z- twist crepe is high twist yarns. giving some stretch and slight rough feel.
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twill weave
Twill weave produces fabric with diagonal lines, usually from bottom left to top right when the pattern runs in different directions you get variations such as Herringbone twill, Houndstooth check or chevron. Other twill weave fabrics are: Chino, den
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right hand twill
diagonal run upwards to the right
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left hand twill
diagonal run upwards to the left
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broken twill
combines right to left hand twills
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herringbone twill
a series of invented v's are formed resembling the backbone of the herringbone fish. most commonly used in suiting fabrics.
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twill angles
regular twill 45 degree. recycling twill smaller angle steep twill with large angles denim, herringbone, hounds tooth
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tartan
Any of numerous textile patterns consisting of stripes of varying widths and colours crossed at right angles against a solid background, each forming a distinctive design worn by the members of a Scottish clan
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satin weave
A satin weave has a warp face that means the warp threads seem to float on top of the weft threads. It is strong warpwise and therefore it drapes well. It is used for lingerie, eveningwear and ribbons. It can be made from cotton, polyester, acetate o
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duchess satin
Is the heaviest of all satins with an elegant lustre. It can be made from silk, polyester or a blend of fibres. It is very expensive in silk, but viscose and polyester blends look just as good and are more durable.
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sateen weave
It is a weft faced fabric so that the warp shows only on the back. It is often used as a base for more complicated weave constructions such as crepe backed satin. In the background picture you see cotton sateen.
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damask
Is made from mercerized cotton, which is sometimes used for table cloths. The design is made by interchanging satin and sateen weave, so that the fabric alternates between warp and weft faced
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pile weaves
knitted or woven fabric with a raised surface, velvet, corduroy
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terry toweling
plain woven cotton fabric made form 2 warps. ground warp is highly tensioned by the pile warp is looser.
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corduroy weave
ribbed cut weft pile
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coloured weave
colour and weave affects are used by woven fabrics designers to create endless varieties of fabric designs
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weft knit
done by hand or machine if a stitch is dropped it will ladder down the hole thing, stretchy and comfortable
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single jersey
knit front purl knit on the back, smooth lumpy back shows loops
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double jersey
2 needles beds, stable , durable reaction shape, no stretch
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rib knit
combination of knit and pearl stitched, little length way stretch some on front and back, uses sleave jumper, neck line.
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purl knit
all purl stitches
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jacquard
3 or more colour is needle i seperatly controlled,only machine done yard carried along the back
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warp knit
only done by machine, loops run down fabric multiple needle used loops interlock vertically
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Tricot
Industrial produced, gloved, lingerie and light weight furnishing, synthetic yarns
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velour
knit pile, filament fibres fleecy surface formed from out loop.
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fleece
acrylic, nylon or polyester, double boucle knit raised on the face light weight breathable , warm.
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lock knit
tricot and plain knit, filament yarns lustrous, vertical wale and back show zig zag
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warp advantages
doesn't ladder but can be unravalled row by row, greater scope for the production of a variety of fabrics, cheaper method of production faster then weft knit.
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weft advantages
drapes well, doesn't crease, good insulator but wind can get through gaps, ladders easily, distorted when washed.
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pressed wool felting
animal hair/ wool fibre atleast 50%, squashing fibre using a felting machine using pressure, heat or moisture
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needle felting
matted together using mechanical action using barbed needle, synthetic fibre can be used, elastic and light weight used for interling and up holstary materials
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woven/ knitted felting
woven or knitted first. matted together with moisture, mechanical action or heart in a milling machine produce fabric loden.
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bonded webs
synthetic fibre bonded with adhesive solvent and thermoplastic properties used for fusible interlinings
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why wool felts
when wool fibre are shocked by temperature and rubbing the little scales lift up and as the fibres rub against each other they lock down nearby fibres and form a tighter and tighter mass and form felt.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

calico

Back

low cost, come in different weights. used to make toile's or sample product

Card 3

Front

voile

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

poplin

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Cotton lawn

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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