Tests and Organic 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryOrganic and Green ChemistryGCSEAQA Created by: CallumCreated on: 07-05-14 21:57 How would you carry out a flame test? Dip a piece of nichrome wire in hydrochloric acid and then heat it. Dip the wire in the solution and then put it in the bunsen flame. 1 of 46 Which colour would Lithium be? Crimson 2 of 46 Which colour would Sodium be? Yellow 3 of 46 Which colour would Potassium be? Lilac 4 of 46 Which colour would Calcium be? Brick red 5 of 46 Which colour would Barium be? Green 6 of 46 What would you do to test an unknown solution with positive ions in it? You'd add sodium hydroxide to form a precipitate 7 of 46 Which coloured precipitate would Iron (3) be? Brown 8 of 46 Which coloured precipitate would Iron (2) be? Green 9 of 46 Which coloured precipitate would Copper be? Blue 10 of 46 Which 3 positive ions form white precipitates? Aluminium, Magnesium, Calcium 11 of 46 If you add an excess of sodium hydroxide which ions are present? Aluminium 12 of 46 If the precipitate does not dissolve, then either magnesium or calcium ions are present. How do you distinguish between the two? Do a flame test. If its red than calcium ions are present. If there is no colour than magnesium ions are present. 13 of 46 How would you test for a carbonate? Add dilute acid 14 of 46 What will happen to it if it is a carbonate? It will fizz (the fizz is the release of carbon dioxide) 15 of 46 How do you test for carbon dioxide? Add the carbon dioxide produced by the carbonate to limewater. If present than the limewater will turn cloudy 16 of 46 How do you test for Halides? Add dilute nitric acid. Then add silver nitrate solution and a precipitate is formed. 17 of 46 Why is nitric acid used? It won't produce a precipitate with silver nitrate solution. The other acids will. 18 of 46 What colour is the precipitate for silver chloride? White 19 of 46 What colour is the precipitate for silver bromide? Cream 20 of 46 What colour is the precipitate for silver iodide? Yellow 21 of 46 How do you test for sulfates? Add dilute hydrochloric acid. Add barium chloride solution. A white precipitate is formed. 22 of 46 What do all organic compounds contain? Carbon 23 of 46 What are alchols used for? Alcholic drinks, solvents (aftershave, perfume), Fuels (biofuel) 24 of 46 What is the functional group for alchols? -OH 25 of 46 Name the 3 ethanols. Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol 26 of 46 What is the general formula for alchols? CnH2n+1OH 27 of 46 Alchols dissolve in water... ..to form a neutral solution 28 of 46 What do alcohols produce when reacted with sodium? Hydrogen 29 of 46 Alchols burn in air which releases... ..carbon dioxide + water 30 of 46 How can you turn ethanol into ethanoic acid? Oxidise it 31 of 46 What oxidises the ethanol? Oxidising agents or microbes 32 of 46 Why does wine taste funny after being left open? The ethanol becomes oxidised into ethanoic acid 33 of 46 What is the functional group of carboxylic acids? -COOH (the first CO is a double bond) 34 of 46 Methanoic acid = HCOOH 35 of 46 Ethanoic acid = CH3COOH 36 of 46 Propanoic acid = CH3CH2COOH 37 of 46 Carboxylic acids dissolve in water to produce... ..acidic solutions 38 of 46 What do they produce when reacted with a carbonate? Carbon dioxide 39 of 46 Why are carboxylic acids known as weak acids? They don't ionisise (disocciate) fully due to the reactions being reversible 40 of 46 How are Esters created? When alcohols react with carboxylic acids in the presence of an acd catalysti 41 of 46 What is the functional group for Esters? -COO 42 of 46 What is the general formula for an Ester? CnHn+1OOH 43 of 46 Esters are used in perfumes, fragrances and as food flavourings. Why is this? They have distinctive smells and tastes (fruity) 44 of 46 They are volatile. What does this mean? They easily evaporate 45 of 46 ethanoic acid + ethanol = ethyl ethanoate + water 46 of 46
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