Tectonic Activity

The Earth is separated into Tectonic Plates

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Plates are made from what to types of crust?
Contiental Crust- Which is thicker and less dense and Oceanic Crust- Which is thinner and more dense
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what do you call the places where plates meet?
Boundaries and or Plate margins
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what are the three types of plate margins?
Destructive margins, Constructive margins and Conservative margins
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Describe a Destructive margin?
where an oceani plate meets a continental plate, the denser oceanic plate is forced down into the mantle and destroyed. often creates volcanoes and ocean trenches
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Describe a Constructive margin?
where two plates are moving away from each other, magma rises from the mantle to fill the gap and cools, creating new crust
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Describe a Conservative margin?
Two plates moving sideways past each other or are moving in the same direction but at different speeds.
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How are fold mountains formed?
When plates collide at Destructive margins
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What happens when tectonic plates collide?
The sedimentary rock that have built between them are folded and forced upwards to form mountains
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Where are fold mountains found?
At destructive plate margins and places where there used to be destructive margins
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What do humans use fold mountain areas to do?
Farming- Mining- Forestry- Tourism and Hydro- Electric power
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Why do they use it for Mining?
Fold mountains are a major source of metal ores
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Why do they use it for Hydro-Electric power?
Steep-sided mountains and high lakes to store water, make fold mountains ideal for generating hydro-electric power
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Where do earthquakes occur?
At all types of plate margins
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What happens to cause a earthquake?
The plates jerk past each other sending out shock waves (vibrations) theses vibrations cause earthquakes
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What is the epicentre?
The point on the Earths surface straight above the focus
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What are earthquakes measured on?
A richter scale which measures the amount of energy released by an earthquake called the magnitude
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What is used to measure the magnitude?
Seismometer
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What are the primary impacts of Earthquakes?
Primary impacts- buildings and bridges collpase, people are injured, roads, railways and airports are damaged, Gas pipes are broken causing leaks and cut off supplies, Telephone cables destroyed, Underground water and sewage pipes are broken
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What are the Secondary imapcts of Earthquakes?
Earthquakes triffer landslides and tsunamis, leaking gas can be ignited starting fires, people left homeless, shortage of clean water and lcak of proper sanitation, roads are blocked no access to medical aid, businesses are damaged cause unemployment
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Why do people continue to live in areas where eathquakes happen?
They have always lived there, they are employed in that area, they are confident of support from their goverment after an earhtquake to help rebuild.
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*** could u reduce the impacts of an Earthquake?
Prediction, Building techniques, planning, Education and Aid
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Where are volcanoes found?
Destructive and Constructive plate margins
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How are volcanoes formed?
The oceanic plate moves down into the matle, where its melted and destroyed a pool of magma forms, the magma rises through the cracks in the crust called vents then the magma erupts onto the surface froming a volcano.
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How are volcanoes formed part 2?
At constructive margins the magma rises up into the gap created by the plates moving apart forming a volcano
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What are the different types of volcanos?
Compostie volcanoes- lava is usually thick and flows slowly, it hardens quickly to form a steep-sided volcano. Shield volcanoes- the lava is runny and flows quickly and spreads over a wide area forming a low flat volcano.
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Describe a dome volcano?
Dome volcano- lava is thick and it flows slowly and hardens qucikly forming a steep-sided volcano
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What are Volcanoes and Earthquakes?
Tectonic harzards which are natural hardards caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
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Primary impacts of Volcanic eruptions?
Buildings and roads are destroyed, people and animal are injured or killed mainly by pyroclastic flow, crops are damaged, water suppiles are contaimnated and people and animal are suffocated by carbon dioxide
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Secondary impacts of Volcanic eruptions?
Mudflows, fires are started, people left homless, shortage of food and clean water, roads are blocked, businesses are damaged causing unemployment and sulphur dioxide released into the atmosphere causes acid rain
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Why do people live near volcanoes?
Soil is fertile for growing crops full of minerals, tourist attractions boost local economy and volcanoes are a source of geothermal energy which can be used to generate electricty.
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What are the charactistics of a Supervolcano?
Flat , cover a large area and have a caldera
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what do you call the places where plates meet?

Back

Boundaries and or Plate margins

Card 3

Front

what are the three types of plate margins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Describe a Destructive margin?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe a Constructive margin?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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