TB7 SPA Lecture 2; The Trait Approach to Personality 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyTB7 SPAUniversityNone Created by: mint75Created on: 28-12-15 14:40 What makes the trait approach different from the type approach? Traits lie on a continuum whilst types are discrete categories 1 of 25 What are the 3 categories of traits in Allports lexical approach? Cardinal, Central, Secondary 2 of 25 Who was one of the first to use factor analysis in personality traits? Cattell 3 of 25 What do Cattells 'Constitutional traits' refer to? Genetic traits (common) 4 of 25 What do Cattells 'Environmental mold' traits refer to? Experience (common) 5 of 25 What are the levels of traits in Cattells approach? Source --> Surface 6 of 25 What is the main proposition of Eysencks theory of personality? Fundamental traits are biologically based, but environment influences how they are expressed 7 of 25 What are the levels in Eysencks Hierarchical model? Trait level (e.g sociable), Habitual response (e.g talking to people), Specific response (e.g positive body language) 8 of 25 What were the 3 main personality types or 'Super traits' proposed by Eysenck (and measured by eysenck personality questionnaire EPQ)? Extraversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism 9 of 25 Eysenck & Eysenck, 1985, what do criminals score highly in? Extraversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism 10 of 25 Eysenck 1993,1994; What do creative people score highly in? Psychoticism 11 of 25 What did Eysenck propose neuroticism was related to? The reactivity of the nervous system (high) 12 of 25 What were Goldberg et al's 5 features of personality (Trait descriptors) Love, work, affect, power, intellect 13 of 25 What were the traits in Costa and McCraes Big 5 Model? Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism 14 of 25 What characterises an EMIC approach? Personality terms found in native language 15 of 25 What characterises an ETIC approach Translated personality questionnaires 16 of 25 Which psychometric test measures the Big 5? NEO-PI-R (1992), 240 items 17 of 25 What was associated with higher happiness levels in a study by Hayes and Joseph (2003)? High extraversion, low neuroticism 18 of 25 What was associated with higher life satisfaction in a study by Hayes and Joseph (2003)? Low neuroticism, high conscientiousness 19 of 25 What was associated with social media 'badmouthing' in a study by Stoughton et al 2013? Low agreeableness 20 of 25 What was associated with social media photos of substance abuse in a study by Stoughton et al 2013? High extraversion 21 of 25 What did male faces correlate with in research by Penton-Voak et al (2006)? Extraversion, neuroticism, openness 22 of 25 What did female faces correlate with in research by Penton-Voak et al (2006)? Only extraversion 23 of 25 What are the two traits in the two-factor model of traits from faces? Trustworthiness, dominance 24 of 25 What are the three traits in the three-factor model of traits from faces? Trustworthiness, dominance, youth-attractiveness 25 of 25
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