6. Which of these are the best ways to reduce acquiescence?
Balanced scales (e.g reversed items), Unambiguity (e.g refer to specific behaviours)
Use a Likert scale
Use emotive questions, Unambiguity (e.g refer to specific behaviours)
Use emotive questions, Balanced scales (e.g reversed items)
7. Which are the two main criticisms of projective tests?
Lack of reliability (no general consensus), Lack of research evidence supporting it
Lack of reliability (weak predictive power, lacks convergence with other psychometric scales, mental illnesses not considered),Lack of validity (no general consensus)
Lack of reliability (no general consensus), Lack of validity (weak predictive power, lacks convergence with other psychometric scales, mental illnesses not considered)
Lack of validity (weak predictive power, lacks convergence with other psychometric scales, mental illnesses not considered), considered a branch of pseudoscience
8. Which of these is an advantage of implicit measures?
Cost and time effective
It is hard for people to 'fake' responses due to the ballistic nature of testing
Can be used as an 'ice breaker' in therapy
9. What is acquiescence?
Agreeing with items regardless of context
Agreeing with items because of context
Disagreeing with items regardless of context
Disagreeing with items because of context
10. What is con/divergent validity?
The scale is +vley related to things it should be/The scale is -vley related to things it should be
The scale is +vley related to things it should be/The scale is NOT related to things it should NOT be related to
The scale is -vley related to things it should be/The scale is NOT related to things it should NOT be related to
11. Which of these is NOT a good way to improve reliability in self-report questionnaires?
Shorter questions
Use unconventional language
Use conventional language
Avoid abbreiviations
Ensure understanding
Use suitable items
12. Which of these statements would be characterised as having a LOW locus of control?
Unhappy things in peoples lives are due to bad luck
Unhappy things in peoples lives are due to their own mistakes
13. What is a projective test?
The person looks at a list of words, and says the colour of the word. The task should be more difficult when the word is more emotive
Pictures presented depicting a dramatic/critical event. Person asked what the relationships and feelings of the people in picture are. Stories constructed which reflect personality
Ambiguous stimuli presented, response generated which provides an insight into personality
Participant response time measured to when certain categories are combined v.s others e.g black, bad, white, good.
14. What is concurrent validity?
The scale is +vley related to things it should be
Does it correlate with standard measures of the same concept?
Can it accurately predict?
The scale is -vley related to things it should be
The scale is NOT related to things it should NOT be related to
15. What is the main concept of the learning theory approach? (Banduras model of reciprocal causation)
Humans are motivated by a need for positive growth with an emphasis on personal responsibility
Personality is a result of learning experiences (An interaction between Personal, Behavioural and Environmental factors)
Learning experiences are a result of personality (An interaction between Personal, Behavioural and Environmental factors)
Personality is a result of learning experiences (An interaction between Personal and Behavioural factors)
16. What is internal consistency reliability?
If all items are measuring the same concept, they should ALL CORRELATE
If all items are measuring the same concept, they should NOT CORRELATE
Items should all measure the same concept
Items should each measure different concepts
17. Which are the two types of criterion validity?
Concurrent validity, Discriminant validity
Convergent validity, predictive validity
Concurrent validity, predictive validity
Convergent validity, divergent validity
Predictive validity, divergent validity
18. Which of these is the correct order of Maslows hierarchy of needs? (Low to high)
Physiological, Safety, Love and Belonging, Self-actualisation, Self-esteem
Physiological, Love & Belonging, Safety, Self-esteem, Self-actualisation
Physiological, Safety, Love and Belonging, Self-esteem, Self-actualisation
Safety, Physiological, Love and Belonging, Self-esteem, Self-actualisation
19. Which of these is NOT a measurement of personality collected from the individual?
Implicit measures e.g implicit association test
Behavioural observations
Projective tests
Self-report psychometric questionnaires
20. Which of these is NOT one of the OCEAN structures of personality?