TB7 B&B Lecture 2; Speaking and Listening 2 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyTB7 B&BUniversityNone Created by: mint75Created on: 07-01-16 10:51 Which brain area broadly represents meaning? Anterior Temporal poles 1 of 37 What is semantic dementia? A progressive degenerative brain disease which particularly affects anterior temporal regions 2 of 37 In semantic demantia, where is there MOST damage Left hemisphere 3 of 37 Are deficits in semantic dementia multi modal? Yes 4 of 37 In semantic dementia, will a patient show impaired object recognition from vision aswell as sound, taste etc? Yes 5 of 37 Are deficits in semantic dementia category specific? No 6 of 37 In a study by Hodges et al (1995), what was SD perfomance in picture naming? As the disease progressed, performance decreased as semantic categories became more 'blurred' 7 of 37 In semantic dementia (SD), what tend to be lost first? Distinctive features of objects 8 of 37 Can patients with SD copy images well if they are infront of them? Yes 9 of 37 Mayberry et all (2011) (Jocn 2011), What kind of responses did pps show to 'emu'? Atypical, not likely to say it was a bird 10 of 37 Mayberry et all (2011) (Jocn 2011), What kind of responses did pps show to 'butterfly'? Overgeneralisation, more likely to say it was a bird 11 of 37 What is the hub and spoke theory of knowledge? At the temporal poles (hubs), knowledge of different aspects of meaning are brought together from interlinked 'spoke' sites 12 of 37 In a study by Pobric et al (2010), which areas were TMS applied to? Anterior temporal poles, Inferior parietal lobule, Occipital pole 13 of 37 What kind of objects were used in Pobric et al (2010)? Highly manipulable objects (e.g brush), Low manipulable objects (lettuce) 14 of 37 In Pobric et al (2010), what was predicted for the disruption to anterior temporal poles? Affected naming for both high and low manipulable objects (not category specific) 15 of 37 In Pobric et al (2010), what was predicted for the disruption to inferior parietal lobes? Affected naming for high manipulable objects (category specific) rather than low 16 of 37 Did results from Pobric et al support predictions? Yes 17 of 37 What kind of properties do LIVING things tend to be known for? Their sensory-perceptual properties 18 of 37 What kind of properties do NON-LIVING things tend to be known for? Their functional properties 19 of 37 What was patient JBR poor at naming? Non-living, known from SENSORY rather than functional properties, evidence against the living/non-living distinction 20 of 37 Which area does Herpes Simplex Encephalitis tend to affect? Medial temporal lobes 21 of 37 What is categorised as 'pure word deafness'? Can hear the sounds of speech but cannot discriminate phonemes ESPECIALLy consonants 22 of 37 What are patients with pure word deafness NOT helped by? Shouting 23 of 37 What areas are connected by a ventral route? Auditory cortex to anterior temporal lobes 24 of 37 What does damage to Brocas area (left inferior frontal gyrus) create problems in? Agrammatism (sentence production and comprehension) 25 of 37 What kind of route is taken for repeating words we have never heard before? A dorsal non-semantic route 26 of 37 Can patients with deep dysphasia repeat unfamiliar words and non-words? No 27 of 37 Do patients with deep dysphasia make semantic errors in reading FAMILIAR words Yes 28 of 37 What kind of damage do people with deep dysphasia typically have? Dorsal damage (partial ventral) and damaged semantic representations 29 of 37 What is semantic memory considered to be? Amodal; same knowledge base regardless of modality 30 of 37 What is represented first in Collins and Quinlans (1969) early model? Superordinate informantion (hierarchy) 31 of 37 What are pps faster at classifying in Collins and Quinlans (1969) early model? A robin as a bird, as you dont have to go as far up the hierarchy 32 of 37 What did Rogers (2006) find about activation along the ventral route in speech comprehension? Aspects of the temporal lobe actvated depending on the specificity of the infor 33 of 37 What kind of activation pattern was shown in Rogers et al (2000)? A posterior anterior gradient from least to most specific 34 of 37 What is 'sensory' as opposed to 'functional' in the SF distinction? Knowledge is ABOUT vision 35 of 37 What is 'functional' as opposed to 'sensory' in the SF distinction? What the object is used for 36 of 37 What is the evolutionary approach posited by Caramazza & Shelton (1998)? Some concepts are innate in the brain & organization reflects this 37 of 37
Comments
No comments have yet been made