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6. B cell receptors recognise...
- Pathogen toxins
- Tumour cells
- Non-self antigens
- Self antigens
7. When naive T cells are first activated, the major cytokine they secrete is...
8. What is the role of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes (CTLs)
- The clearance of viral infections, intracellular bacteria/parasites, and cancer
- Neutralising toxins in the body from bacteria
- Killing ineffective T cells
- Killing ineffective B cells
9. T cells are ___% of blood lymphocytes
10. What happens in stage 3 of T cell maturation?
- Double positive T cells encounter epithelial cells expressing self-peptides in class 1 and 2 MHC. Positive and negative selection occurs
- The T cells leave the thymus
- T cells activate B cells to test if they work
- The T cells travel to the spleen
11. Which of these is NOT a role of T lymphocytes?
- Activation of B cells
- Propagation of tumour cells
- Apoptosis of infected/tumour cells
- Cell-mediated immunity
12. What are germinal centres?
- sites within the bone marrow where mature B cells proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes
- sites within secondary lymphoid organs where mature B cells proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes
- sites within primary lymphoid organs where mature B cells proliferate, differentiate, and mutate their antibody genes
- sites within B cell organelles in which genetic rearrangement occurs
13. What screening system is used in T cell maturation
- Positive feedback loops
- Size-based 'nets'
- Positive and negative selection
- Negative feedback loops
14. How do NK cells recognise antibody-coated cells?
- following the gradient of perforin
- with receptor FcR CD16
- the Opposing Signals Model
- through Fas-Fas ligand interaction
15. How are CTLs armed directly?
- Potent signals from dendritic cells
- By antigen specific Th1 cells
- Potent signals from Th1 cells
- By antigen specific dendritic cells
16. What is the function of NK cells
- Recognise and kill virus infected and cancerous cells
- To kill cells expressing high levels of MHC 1
- To stimulate other immune cells
- We do not know, but it is involved in the adaptive response
17. Which of these is NOT a cell that T cells can differentiate into?
- Cytotoxic lymphocyte
- Professional APC
- T helper cell
- Suppressor cell
18. Which is a brief description of the Opposing Signals model?
- NK cells recognise altered self cells through inhibition and activation receptors
- NK cells recognise altered self cells through inhibition and activation cytokines
- NK cells recognise altered self cells through inhibition and activation Igs
- NK cells recognise altered self cells through inhibition and activation chemical signals
19. Where do T lymphocytes originate?
- Spinal cord
- Bone marrow
- Thymus
- Cerebellum
20. Which of the following is NOT a role of B cells
- Activating T cells
- Producing antibodies
- Creating immunological immunity
- Creating humoral immunity