Mental illness is caused by a imbalance of the 4 humours - blood, yellow bile, black bile & phlegm
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Rosenhan & Seligman (1984)
4 definitions of mental abnormality, statistical infrequency, failure to function adequately, acting against social norms and deviation from ideal mental health
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Krimsky & Cosgrove (2012)
69% of those on the panel for DSM5 had links with the pharmaceutical industry
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Ford & Widiger (1989)
Presenting the same symptoms to practitioners but changing the gender resulted in different diagnoses
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Key Research: Rosenhan (1973)
Patients faked schizophrenia and were admitted into mental hospitals. None were detected as fake and the average time spent in the hospital before being discharged was 19 days
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Young & Leyton (2002)
People given an amino acid that reduces serotonin, resulted in a lower mood
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Sachs (2015)
Mice with a serotonin deficiency had higher development of depressive symptoms when exposed to social stress
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Ohman (1975)
There are some evolutionary phobias e.g. spiders so they phobias can be transmitted genetically
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Brown (1986)
Brains of schizophrenia patients were 6% lighter and had larger lateral ventricles
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Weinberger (1992)
Found that in twins, schizophrenia sufferers had different prefrontal cortex and hippocampus volumes than an unaffected twin
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Strakowski (1999)
Bipolar patients had an enlarged amygdala
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Key Research: Gottesman (2010)
Risk of developing mental disorders is much higher if both parents, or even one parent has one
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Hershal (2004)
Disproves link between suicidal thoughts/actions and the use of antidepressants
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Watson & Rayner: Little Albert (1920)
Proved classical conditioning can explain phobias by pairing loud noises with animals
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Lewinsohn (1990)
Training parents to reinforce non-depressive behaviours paired with cognitive therapies reduced depressive symptoms in teens to 52%
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Paul & Lentz (1977)
Patients with schizophrenia given therapy based on social learning theory and operant conditioning were twice as likely to be discharged from hospital
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Aaron Beck (1961)
3 main dysfunctional belief themes: I am worthless or flawed, everything I do results in failure & the future is hopeless
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Morrison (2014)
Cognitive behavioural therapy plus usual treatment significantly reduced psychiatric symptoms
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Leichsenreig (2004)
Short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy gave significant improvements in general psychiatric symptoms
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Berin & Garfield (1971)
From 10,000 cases, 80% benefited if they received psychoanalysis
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Key Research: Szasz
By trying to treat people using medical approach to mental illness turns it into a disease and harms patients we are trying to help
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
4 definitions of mental abnormality, statistical infrequency, failure to function adequately, acting against social norms and deviation from ideal mental health
Back
Rosenhan & Seligman (1984)
Card 3
Front
69% of those on the panel for DSM5 had links with the pharmaceutical industry
Back
Card 4
Front
Presenting the same symptoms to practitioners but changing the gender resulted in different diagnoses
Back
Card 5
Front
Patients faked schizophrenia and were admitted into mental hospitals. None were detected as fake and the average time spent in the hospital before being discharged was 19 days
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