Role of a species in an ecosystem. Each species has its own niche
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What is meant by adaptation?
Feature which increases chances of survival and reproduction (physiological or behavioural)
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What is meant by abundance?
Frequency or % cover where there are too many to count/can't identify individuals/clumps
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What is meant by distribution?
Where an organism is found
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What is meant by carrying capacity?
The size of population which an ecosystem can support
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What is intraspecific competition?
Competition between organisms of the same species
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What is interspecific competition?
Competition between organisms of different species
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What is primary succession?
On bare rock or sand - newly formed land
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What is secondary succession?
On soil e.g. following a fire
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Name 3 sampling techniques
Mark-release-recapture, random sampling and systematic sampling
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Explain the mark-release-recapture method
Collect a sample of animals and count them, mark the animals and release them back into the population, give them time to reintegrate, catch a second sample, count the total number and the number of marked individuals
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Explain random sampling
Divide the are up into a grid and assign each square coordinates, use a random number generator to randomly pick numbers, use the numbers as coordinates to place the quadrats, estimate % cover, count organisms and repeat until you have sampled 10%
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Explain systematic sampling
Place a line that is marked at regular intervals (i.e. a transect) across the area, place a quadrat at each interval, calculate % cover of organisms in each quadrat, repeat with more transects, calculate average number of organisms at each distance
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Name a couple of abiotic factors
Water availability, temperature, light, pH, wind, availability of space, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, nutrients and minerals
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