Success and failure of dieting

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  • Created by: Natalie'
  • Created on: 03-01-16 14:30
What is Restraint theory
By Herman and Mack. An explanation of why people who try to diet end up overeating, and how food restriction cognitively affect us.
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What is the boundary model
By Herman and Polivy. Everyone has two boundaries: hunger and satiation. Dieters also have a diet boundary which is used as their satiety boundary. When boundary is crossed = what the hell effect = overeating = weight gain
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Boundary model support - Herman and Mack
45 women - either 0, 1 or 2 preloads then given 3 tubs of ice cream - could eat as much as they wanted for 10 mins. Found dieters who preloaded ate more than non dieters, dieters who didn't preload ate less than non dieters. Supports what the hell'
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Criticism 1
People were categorised as dieters or non-dieters by questionnaire - subjective. Someone overweight but not dieting could have said they were on a diet b/c they felt they should be
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Criticism 2
Doesn't take into account taste/preference. Non dieter in preload condition may not like ice cream so doesn't eat any.
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Criticism 3
The restraint theory suggests that dieting leads to overeating. However this doesn't explain *** anorexics manage to starve themselves. Using this theory, anorexics should end up overeating, and not successfully starve themselves.
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The role of denial
By Wegner. Fatty foods = forbidden. The more we try not to think about something, the more we want it - Wegners white bear study. Ironic process of mental control. Suppression of thought doesn't control them, but increases them. Denied food = craved
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Role of denial - Soetens
77 women. Grouped as overeating dieters, non-overeating dieters and non-dieters. Overeating dieters used thought suppression more than other 2 groups. Supports role of denial - thought suppression = overeating. Compared two groups and control group.
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IDA - Real Worl Application
Role of denial and restraint theory explain how the 5 2 diet works. There are no restrictions on food for 5 days a week. So no thought suppression or restraint eating, therefore diet more likely to be maintained. Less likely to overeat.
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Key to a successful diet
By Redden. Suggest the secret to successful diet is the attention we pay to what we eat. Diets fail b/c people get bored when they repeat things. Instead of 'not another salad' think 'tomato, rocket' focus on detail - not bored - diet maintained
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Role of denial support - Redden
135 people. Each given 22 jelly beans 1 at a time. Group one - general info. Group 2 - told the flavour. Group 2 enjoyed the task more and weren't bored, group 1 was bored.
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Criticism 1
They were eating foods which would not be part of their diet, the results may be different if it was using healthy foods.
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IDA - Validity and Reliability
Many studies use personal accounts. Individuals memory may not be 100% accurate - questions reliability. Whether diet is successful or not is subjective - one person may think it's a success, others may not.
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IDA - Culture Bias
Some cultures find it harder to diet b/c of their natural inclination to obesity. Asian adults - more prone to obesity than Europeans adults. Mostly western peop,e studied - not compared to eastern people so don't know if they'd work.
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IDA - Dererministic
Genetics has a influence. LPL produced by fat cells to store calories as fa. More LPL = more fat. Kern found LPL rose after weight loss. Thought that weight loss activates LPL - explains how dieters find it easier to regain weight. Out of our control
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

By Herman and Polivy. Everyone has two boundaries: hunger and satiation. Dieters also have a diet boundary which is used as their satiety boundary. When boundary is crossed = what the hell effect = overeating = weight gain

Back

What is the boundary model

Card 3

Front

45 women - either 0, 1 or 2 preloads then given 3 tubs of ice cream - could eat as much as they wanted for 10 mins. Found dieters who preloaded ate more than non dieters, dieters who didn't preload ate less than non dieters. Supports what the hell'

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

People were categorised as dieters or non-dieters by questionnaire - subjective. Someone overweight but not dieting could have said they were on a diet b/c they felt they should be

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Doesn't take into account taste/preference. Non dieter in preload condition may not like ice cream so doesn't eat any.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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