Studying society Key terms

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  • Created by: mercy23
  • Created on: 16-01-18 19:38
agents of socialisation
individuals or groups responsible for socialising others
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closed question
questions with a limited range of possible answers e.g. yes or not
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conflict/consensus
disagreement or agreement ( refers to sociological theories that society is based either on disagreement, with one side winning, or consensus with all groups agreeing)
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content analysis
analysis of the content of media or other social research
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covert observation
observing a group without informing them
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culture
the customer, habits and way of life of people, passed down from generations
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customs
repeated actions with meanings e.g. birthday
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discrimination
treating a person or a group unfairly because of certain characteristics
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ethical considerations
ensuring social research does not harm respondents
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ethnic group
classification of people into groups based on history culture and identity
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feminism
theory that society is dominated by men and women are oppressed
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functionalism
sociological theory that society works because all parts contribute and go together e.g. a machine
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gender
social and culture differences between men and women vs biological
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generalisations
feeling confident that your findings reflect the views of everyone else you could have asked
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hypothesis
what you predict research to show
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interview bias/effect
the tendency of people to respond to questions in the way they think interviewer would like
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longitudinal studies
studies that follow same people over long period of time
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Marxism
theory, following ideas of Karl Marx, that sees main divisions in society as based on social class e.g. working and upper class
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multicultural society
a society which people come from a variety of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds
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nature/nurture
the debate about to the extent which we are affected by our genetic or environments
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non-participant observation
observing a group without taking part in activity
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norms
informal rule that guides behaviour in situations
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official statistics
gathered by the government or other official organisations
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open ended questions
questions that need detailed answer
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overt observation
observing people who are aware they are being observed
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participant observation
observing people while taking part in the activity
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peer group
group of people your own age
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pilot study
small scale study to test research methods before large scale test
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prejudice
pre-judging someone based on characteristics e.g. gender, race
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primary data
data gathered by your own research
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qualitative data
data which is detailed and rich
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quantitive data
data in large amounts simple
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racism
unfair treatment of people because of ethnicity and race
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reliability
data is considered to be reliable if results obtained same on a repeat
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representative sample
sample which is typical of larger group
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research aims
what the researcher aims to prove or discover
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research methods
method of gathering data
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respondent
person who takes part in research
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roles/multiple role and role conflict
patterns of behaviour which differ in different situations
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sample
those chosen to be respondent in social research
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sampling frame
method of choosing sample
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sanctions
agreed reward or penalty for good or bad behaviour
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secondary data
data available from other research previously carried out
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social control
methods by which people are persuaded to obey rules and conform to social norms
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social issues
problems in society
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social mobility
movement from one social class to another
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social processes
series of social interactions and events that cause something to happen
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social structure
ways of organising society into different groups e.g. working class or middle class
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socialisation - primary/secondary
lifelong process of learning norms and values of your culture
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status
honour or prestige attached to a position in society
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stereotype
simple fixed image of a group of people
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stratification
division of society into larger groups
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subculture
a smaller group within society with different values
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triangulation
using different research methods in order to check the validity of results
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validity
data which gives a true picture
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values
beliefs held by a person or social group that build norms
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welfare state
government taking responsibility for health and financial wellbeing of population
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

questions with a limited range of possible answers e.g. yes or not

Back

closed question

Card 3

Front

disagreement or agreement ( refers to sociological theories that society is based either on disagreement, with one side winning, or consensus with all groups agreeing)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

analysis of the content of media or other social research

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

observing a group without informing them

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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