Structure of DNA and RNA

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What is the monomer nucleic acid is made from?
nucleotide
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What makes up a nucleotide?
phosphate, pentose sugar and a nitrogen containing base
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What reaction joins the 3 components of a nucleotide together?
condensation reaction
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What bond id formed when more than one nucleotide is joined together?
Phosphodiester
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What is the structure of RNA?
it is a polymer made up of nucleotides and the sugar is always ribose.
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What is the structure of DNA?
The pentose sugar is deoxyribose and is made up of two strands of nucleotides which are joined together by hydrogen bonds.
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How are the bases paired in DNA?
Through complimentary base pairing- adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine.
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What are the differences between RNA and DNA?
DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded, DNA has thymine present where RNA has uracil, DNA is larger whereas RNA is smaller, DNA has deoxyribose but RNA has ribose, DNA stays in the nucleus but RNA leaves it.
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How is DNA a stable molecule?
It has a sugar phosphate back bone where the phosphodiester backbone protects the organic bases. The H2 bonds link bases which forms bridges between the bases.
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What is the function of DNA?
H2 bonds form between 2 strands which allows them to separate during dna replication. Base pairings allows DNA it be replicated. Carries a lot of genetic information as it's a large molecule.
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How is prokaryotic DNA different from Eukaryotic DNA?
It's circular and has no introns.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What makes up a nucleotide?

Back

phosphate, pentose sugar and a nitrogen containing base

Card 3

Front

What reaction joins the 3 components of a nucleotide together?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What bond id formed when more than one nucleotide is joined together?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the structure of RNA?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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