Structural divisions of the brain

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Forebrain contains
telencephalon and diencephalon
1 of 70
midbrain contains
tectum,optic tecta, aqueduct and tegmentum
2 of 70
hindbrain contains
cerebellum, pons and medulla
3 of 70
telencephalon contains
olfactory bulbs and cerebral hemispheres
4 of 70
diencephalon used as
sensory gateway, regulation of internal environment
5 of 70
optic tecta
processing of sensory stimuli (large visual)
6 of 70
tegmentum
aspects of motor control
7 of 70
cerebellum
movement coordination, learning of motor skills, balance
8 of 70
pons
relay point (bridge) between cerebellum and cerebral cortex
9 of 70
medulla
regulation of internal environment
10 of 70
cerebral cortex
cognition, sensory processing, motor control and learning
11 of 70
basal ganglia
voluntary and learnt motion
12 of 70
thalamus
relaying of sensory signals, including motor signals, to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
13 of 70
hypothalamus
responsible for producing hormones responsible for temperature regulation, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, sex drive, and the release of other hormones within the body.
14 of 70
pons and medula
involuntary body functions e.g. sleep, cognitive motor skills e.g. typing
15 of 70
midbrain
audio, visual relay, posture, alertness
16 of 70
Differentiation in forebrain forms...
diencephalon, 2 telencephalic vesicles and two optic vesicles
17 of 70
diencephalon forms
epithalamus, thalamus and hypothalamus
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telencephalic vesicles form
olfactory bulbs, hippocampus and cerebrum
19 of 70
optic vesicles form
optic nerves and retina
20 of 70
differentiation in midbrain
tectum, cerebral aqueduct and tegmentum
21 of 70
differentiation in hindbrain
cerebellum, pons and rhombic lips
22 of 70
cerebral cortex contains four lobes
frontal, parietal occipital and temporal
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Frontal Lobe
associated with reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving
24 of 70
Parietal Lobe
associated with movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli
25 of 70
Occipital Lobe
associated with visual processing
26 of 70
Temporal Lobe-
associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech
27 of 70
meninges
three layers of tissue that encase the CNS
28 of 70
meninges function 1
protect the brain and spinal chord from mechanical injury
29 of 70
meninges function 2
provides blood supply to skull and hemispheres
30 of 70
meninges function 3
provides space for the flow of cerebrospinal fluid
31 of 70
dura mata
'hard mother'; tough and inflexible;
32 of 70
three layers of dura mata
falx cerebri, falx cerebelli and tentorium cerebelli
33 of 70
falx cerebri
separates the hemispheres of the cerebrum
34 of 70
falx cerebelli
separates lobes of the cerebellum
35 of 70
tentorium cerebelli
separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum
36 of 70
arachnoid mater
delicate, impermeable and avascular: moves CSF from vesicles back into bloodstream
37 of 70
pia mater
'tender mother'; adheres closely to brain and fuses with lining of ventricles to form structures which produce CSF
38 of 70
sub-arachnoid space
lies between arachnoid and pia mater-filled wit CSF-all blood vessels and cranial nerves pass via this space
39 of 70
CSF
colourless fluid produced mainly in choroid plexus; circulates all around CNS-bathes tissues & provides structural support
40 of 70
homology
two structures with similar structures, connections, chemical signalling, gene expression and function, e.g. arms and wings
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ectoderm
forms the skin and NS
42 of 70
mesoderm
forms bones of skeleton and muscles
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endoderm
forms lining of many internal organs
44 of 70
spina bifida
common birth defect due to abnormal development of NS; caused by failure of neural tube to close properly
45 of 70
occulata
often asymptomatic & not considered in prevalence data
46 of 70
meningocele
has a sack at base of spine containing fluid but no nerve tissue
47 of 70
myelomeningoce
severe form-severe tissue is found at the sack
48 of 70
movement problems of spina bifida
weakness of paralysis in lower limbs, deformed dislocated bones
49 of 70
blader & bowel problems from SB
Unitary incontinence, UTI, kidney problems and bowel incontinence(******** oneself)
50 of 70
associated hydrocephalus
short attention span, difficulty solving problems/reading/understanding some spoken language/planning
51 of 70
sympathetic NS
'fight or flight' response; mobilises body for action
52 of 70
parasympathetic NS
'rest or digest'; works to conserve energy and maintain a resting state
53 of 70
ANS; effects on body e.g. respiratory system SYMPATHETIC NS
relaxes airways and increases heart beat
54 of 70
ANS; effects on body e.g. respiratory system PARASYMPATHETIC NS
constricts airway and slows heartbeat
55 of 70
ANS; effects on body e.g. digestion SYMPATHETIC NS
inhibits salivation and digestion, stimulates glucose release from liver
56 of 70
ANS; effects on body e.g. digestion PARASYMPATHETIC NS
stimulates salivation and digestion, stimulates insulin release
57 of 70
risk factors for spina bifida 1
race; increased in white population
58 of 70
risk factors for spina bifida 2
diabetes; increased risk if mother has uncontrolled diabetes
59 of 70
risk factors for spina bifida 3
obesity; increased risk if mother obese before pregnancy
60 of 70
risk factors for spina bifida 4
sex; increased in girls
61 of 70
risk factors for spina bifida 5
folate deficiency; increased risk if mother lack lacks folate (vitamin B9) during pregnancy
62 of 70
risk factors for spina bifida 6
medications; ncreased risk for some medications eg anti-seizure medications
63 of 70
epithalamus
controls hormones secreted from pineal gland (circadian rhythm)
64 of 70
thalamus
relay centre for optic and auditory neuron
65 of 70
hypothalamus
temperature, sleep and breaking regulation
66 of 70
cerebrum
association/intelligence
67 of 70
lateral geniculate nucleus
relays info from eyes to primary visual cortex
68 of 70
medial geniculate nucleus
relays info from inner ear to the primary auditory cortex
69 of 70
ventrolateral nucleus
relays info from cerebellum to primary motor cortex
70 of 70

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

midbrain contains

Back

tectum,optic tecta, aqueduct and tegmentum

Card 3

Front

hindbrain contains

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

telencephalon contains

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

diencephalon used as

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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