Stimuli

?
What is a taxis?
A simple response to a directional stimulus.
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What is kinesis?
An increase in random movements in response to a non-directional stimulus.
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What is a tropism?
A growth movement of part of a plant in response to a directional stimulus.
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What is a reflex?
A rapid, involuntary response to a strong stimulus.
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Name the three main neurons in a reflex arc.
Sensory, relay and motor.
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Why are reflexes important?
They help avoid damage to the body tissues, escape from predators, find mates for reproduction.
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What is IAA?
A plant growth hormone/factor that works by diffusing away from light causing the underside of the plant to elongate and grow towards light.
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What controls heart rate?
Medulla oblongata.
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What receptors detect external/internal changes that can influence heart rate?
Chemoreceptors (in carotid arteries - internal) and pressure receptors (baroreceptors).
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What happens when you exercise too much (in relation to heart rate)?
Increased respiration -> More CO2 -> Chemoreceptors detect increase in CO2 -> increased impulses sent to medulla -> increased impulses from medulla to SAN -> increase heart rate.
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Which system increases heart rate?
Sympathetic nervous system.
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What does a Pacinian Corpuscle detect?
Mechanical pressure.
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How are generator potentials produced in the Pacinian Corpuscle?
Stimulation of receptor membranes produces deformation of stretch-mediated sodium channels so permeability is increased, leading to the establishment of a generator potential as sodium enters and causes the neuron to become more positive.
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Why are rods more sensitive to light changes?
They have a many neuron to one cell connections.
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Why do cones have high visual acuity?
They have a single neuron to cell connection.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is kinesis?

Back

An increase in random movements in response to a non-directional stimulus.

Card 3

Front

What is a tropism?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a reflex?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Name the three main neurons in a reflex arc.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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