Staying in Balance

Includes information on Homeostasis, temperature control and control of blood sugar levels. 

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What is homeostasis?
Keeping a constant internal environment.
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What does homeostasis involve?
Balancing bodily inputs and outputs.
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What do automatic control systems keep levels of steady?
Carbon dioxide, temperature and water.
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What do negative feedback controls do?
They cancel out change, such as decrease in temperature inside the body.
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What is the optimum temperature for most enzyme activity?
37 ⁰C
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What are the consequences of a high temperature?
Heat stroke and dehydration.
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How does sweating prevent dehydration?
Sweat is produced by the body, it evaporates and transfers the heat from the body to the environment.
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What can be caused by a very low temperature?
Hypothermia.
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What gland in the brain monitors blood temperature?
The hypothalamus gland.
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What is vasodilation?
The widening of small blood vessels in the skin that causes blood to flow nearer the surface and results in more heat transfer.
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What is vasoconstriction?
The narrowing of small blood vessels in the skin that causes less blood to flow closer to the skin surface and less heat transfer.
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During vasodilation/constriction how does the size or the blood vessels change and how do blood vessels move?
TRICK QUESTION! The size of the blood vessels do not change, nor do the blood vessels move,
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What is the name of the hormone that controls blood sugar levels?
Insulin.
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Why are hormone reactions slower than nervous reactions?
Hormone reactions are slower because hormones have to travel through the blood.
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What is type 1 diabetes and how can it be controlled?
Type 1 diabetes is when the pancreas does not produce any insulin at all, people are born with it. Blood sugar levels are controlled by insulin that is injected into the body.
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What is type 2 diabetes and how can it be controlled?
Type 2 diabetes is when the body does not produce enough insulin or the body does not react to insulin. It is usually caused by an unbalanced diet. It can be treated with insulin injections and a balanced diet.
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How does insulin regulate blood sugar level?
It converts glucose into glycogen. The glycogen can be stored in the liver as opposed to in the blood stream.
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Why do the insulin dosages used to treat type 1 diabetes vary?
They can vary according to a person's diet and activity. Strenuous activity requires a higher glucose level, so less insulin is required.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does homeostasis involve?

Back

Balancing bodily inputs and outputs.

Card 3

Front

What do automatic control systems keep levels of steady?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What do negative feedback controls do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the optimum temperature for most enzyme activity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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