STATISTICS: REVISION CARDSP2

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What is a census?
A census is a official survey of all the members of the population
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What is a sample?
A small appropriate amount of people or things to be surveyed
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What is an sample frame?
A list or map of all the members of the population
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What is the main disadvantage of using sample data?
It does not include every member of the population
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Give two ways you can minimise bias results.
By sampling the correct population and using a random sample
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What is simple random sampling?
Simple random sampling is where everything has an equal chance of being chosen e.g. like a lottery
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Explain the process of random sampling
Number everything/person, then choose these numbers by placing them in a box and selecting the number randomally.
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Advantage and disadvantage of simple random sampling.
Advantage: Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, so it's completely unbiased. Disadvantage: It's not always practical or convenient e.g if the population spread is over a large area, the researcher will have to travel.
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What is stratified sampling?
Stratified sampling is samples taken from every/different categories.
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Advantage and disadvantage of stratified sampling
ADVANTAGE: If you have easy to define categories in the population. DISADVANTAGE: It can be expensive because, of the extra detail involved.
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What is systematic sampling?
Systematic sampling is every nth number is taken from the sampling frame
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Advantage and disadvantage of systematic sampling.
ADVANTAGES: This should produce an unbaised sample and can be carried out by a machine. DISADVANTAGES: The nth item might coincide with a pattern which will make it biased
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What is cluster sampling
Cluster sampling is where random sample of clusters is chosen and then, every member in those clusters is included in your sample.
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Advantage and disadvantage of cluster sampling.
ADVANTAGE: It's fairly convenient - can save a lot of travel time when the - population is spread over a large area. DISADVANTAGE: It's easy to get a biased result
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What is quota sampling often used for?
It is often used in market research
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a sample?

Back

A small appropriate amount of people or things to be surveyed

Card 3

Front

What is an sample frame?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the main disadvantage of using sample data?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give two ways you can minimise bias results.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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