stalin's purges

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what was the congress of february 1934 named?
"congress of victors" because it celebrated the achievments of industrial policy
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what happened?
the vote for the central committee on the final day of the conference
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what happened in voting?
1/4 conference voted against stalin's re-election to the central committee
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what did it then become known as?
'congress of the damned' as stalin was outraged and eventually killed them
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what did stalin do by the end of 1934?
launched a wave of political terror that claimed a million lives
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Stalin pursued extreme policy because (1)
events inside the communist party persuaded him that many of his comrades couldn't be trusted
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Stalin pursued extreme policy because (2)
paranoia fed by NKVD
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Stalin pursued extreme policy because (3)
purges were bound up in his economic goals and allowed him to remove political rivals
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what did the congress of victors show
that kirov was more popular
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who did stalin fear?
recent history, distrusted former rivals, old communists, red army/police too much power
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what was yagoda?
in 30s was 2nd in command of OGPU, deepened stalins paranoia and compiled extensive reports on discontent with collect.
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what economic functions did great terror serve?
allowed stalin to blame economic problems on political enemies and create scapegoats
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what economic functions did great terror serve?
provided a reservoir of cheap labour from prison camps
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what was the pretext for the great terror?
murder of kirov
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what did kirov do in 1932?
defeated him concerning a document circulated by riutin that was highly critical
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WHO refused riutins execution?
kirov, politburo and central committee
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when was kirov murdered?
dec 1934
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why was this convenient?
rid him of rival,pretext to hunt down 'secret terror', proved acts of terror which justified excecutions
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first post-kirov decree?
authorised swift execution of political opponents
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SECOND DECREE
appointed Yagoda to investigate murder
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third decree
secret letter sent to communist secretaries ordering them to root out trotskyites
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what did yagoda oversee?
implementing terror, oversaw arrest and interogation of zinoviev and kamanev
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1934-36 terror was based on?
attacked the ruling party and secured stalins power over the party
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1936-38 terror was known as?
'great terror'
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what was the most public aspect of this terror?
moscow show trials which removed high profile communists
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what was the second strand?
yagoda appointed as peoples commisar for internal affairs
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what was last strand?
mass purge of party, army and society
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trial of 16 year>
1936
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who were main participants?
zinoviev and kamanev
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year of trial of 17
1937
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who were main participants?
trotskys former allies
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who led it?
yezhov
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'sharpening class struggle'
many refused to try bukharin, stalin pretended he wasnt, stalin proposed bold new theory
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what was stalins theory?
as socialism advanced, class struggle intensified and provided ideological just for increased terror
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when did they officially adopt this doctrine?
feb-march central committee meeting of 1937
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when was trial of 21?
1938
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who were main participants?
bukharin, rykov and accomplices
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which years mark a new beginning for the NKVD?
1936-37
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what happened?
yagoda replaced, yagoda tried as stalin didnt trust him
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why did stalin try yagoda?
didnt think he handled kirov affair and trial of 16 harsh enough
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what year did stalin purge NKVD?
1937
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why did he purge?
he felt some werent loyal and he wanted renewed vigour and he set targets for NKVD
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what were 1937-38 known as?
Yezhovshchina, target minority groups in final phase
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how many soldiers purged from red army?
34000
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what did stalin issue after show trials
NKVD order no 00447
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what did this order state?
demanded removal of anti-soviet enemies from society
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when did yezhov resign and when executed?
nov 1938 and 1940 executed
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who replaced yezhov?
beria
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what happened?

Back

the vote for the central committee on the final day of the conference

Card 3

Front

what happened in voting?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what did it then become known as?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what did stalin do by the end of 1934?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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