War economy

?
Stage 1
mobilization of economy for war 39-41 and 4-year plan
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What did Hitler issue on the 2nd September 1939?
Decree for the Mobilisation of the Whole onto a War footing
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However, when was full mobilization achieved?
1942
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Before 1942 what did the army suffer from?
Shortages of weapons and equipment
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Provide evidence shorages of weapons not effecting German armies advances before 1942
Secured victories in Poland, Norway, Holland, Belgium and France because of Bliztkrieg
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Provide evidence of supply problems hindering the war effort
In 1941 operation Barbarossa and Mediterranean, the army was stretched and supply problems hindered
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Reasons for problems with supplies
.........
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What had not anticipated pre-conflict 1941?
The four-year plan by Goering and Hitler himself
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When did Hitler plan for the expansion of the Luftwaffe?
1942
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When did Hitler plan for the build up of the Navy to be completed?
1944-5
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What did the 4 year plan concentrate on instead of weapons ?
Increasing Iron, steel , macheine tools and developeing Ersatz
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What did German armament weapons production suffer?
From structural weaknesses
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What was expensive and needed highly skilled labor?
Different branches of the armed force demanding different types of high quality specialised equipment
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name a stat for the increased proportion of the labour force producing armaments
21% in Sept 1939 to 55% in Jan 1941
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What grew very slowly?
supply of weapons wh
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Why was weapons not as cheaper as the could have been and had a larger output?
German firms not structured for mass prodctions and thus standarasied weapons
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What did Goering lack that caused problems in productions (due to political problems)?
He lacked the economic knowledge to do his job effectively
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Who did Goering have poor relations with?
the military, large companies, and banks
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name another poltical problem to do with Goering
He was too busy building his empire eg Herman Goering Steelworks
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What did the war economy need?
Greater central coordination that Goering was incapable of
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1939-1940 what were Goering's failures masked by?
the success of the armed forces
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When was a failure in 4 years plan apparent?
1941
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When was Speer appointed Armaments mininstet?
1942
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What did Speer describe Georing's control of the economy era as?
'era of incompetence, arrogance and egotism'
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Speer production miracle?
1942-1945
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When did Albert Speer take over as Reich Minister of Armaments and War production?
Feb 1942
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Who did Speer take over from?
Fritz Todt's after he died
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What did Speer do to centralize armaments production?
Create The Central Planning Agency
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What did Speer put directly under his control?
Arms manfucatures
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What did Speer cut back on?
Unnecessary bureaucracy and paperwork
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Who did Speer bring into the industry for munitions?
Industrialists because he relied on their expertise instead of military men
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What did Speer do to small firms?
Combined them together making specialist equipment together so they were not duplicating each others work
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Between 1941-3 what did German aircraft production increase by?
200%
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Between 1941-3 what did German tanks production increase by?
250%
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Give an example of that construction times fell dramatically
a U-Boat took 16 weeks instead of 42 weeks to build
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What declined?
Arms manufacturing cost
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Give a stat to show a reduction in the types of Vehicles being made
151 lorries being manufactured in 1939 and Speer reduced this to 23 by 1942
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Name a action that helped the ecomony tjat was not done by Speer
A total war that closed non-essential small businesses and Hitlers Decree for the Comprehensive Deployment of men and women for the Reich Defence
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Impact of Bombing
...
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When did the British and American bombing raids take place?
1942-1945
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They targeted cities and small downs, give examples
Hamburg, Berlin and Dresden
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What were their aims?
Weaken moral and damage German factories and thus, the economy
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How many were killed in air raids?
410,000
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What did Air raids cause damage to?
Supply lines and factories
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What and when was still increasing despite the air raids?
Overall production, 1942-1944
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What did Bombing lead to?
35% fewer tanks
31% fewer aircraft
41% fewer lorries
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As the bombing intensified in 1945 what fell?
Overall production
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Labour forces
Shortages
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When were there labour shortages?
Before 1939
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Why had Germany had a major labour shortages espically male workers?
increase in conscription, reluctant to recruit women workers
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What brought labour shortages to its head and why?
The Soviet counterattack Dec 1941 as it threatened the supply of vital war materials
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What did Gauleiters try to do in comparison to Todt?
tried to keep labour in own areasa whereas Todt tried to take labour away from civillians work - showing disorganisation
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Name the turning point on 13th Janruary 1943
Decree for the Comprehensive Deployment of Mem and Women for Reich Defence Tasks
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When were Guest Workers recruited from occupied Western Europe?
June 1940 to Spring 1942
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What happened in October 1941 in relation to Foreign Labour?
Hitler agreed that Russian prisomers of war could be used as slave labour
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What did Hitler establish in March 1942 which organized foreign labour?
Plenipotentiary General for Labour Allocation (led by Sauckel)
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Between 1942-1945 how many workers were transported from the east?
2.8 million
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By 1944 how many foreign workers were there in Germany?
7 million
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By 1944 how many foreign workers were there working for the regime outside in Germany?
7 million
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By 1944 how much of the German workforce was made up of foreign labouers?
1/4
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What were the conditions of Guest workers?
Given same wages and worked and lived under the same conditions
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What were the conditions for eastern workers?
Harsh living conditions and severe disciplines
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Eastern foreign workers had Low wages, how much were they paid?
Half the level of German wages
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Who was used as slave labourers
Prisoners of War and concentration camps
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Provide an example of a Slave Labour camp
Mittlebau Dora - underground
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How many died in Mittlebau Dora?
30%
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At one camp how many slave labourers died?
60,000
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Name a german Corporation that used slave labour?
Mercedes Benz
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What did Hitler issue on the 2nd September 1939?

Back

Decree for the Mobilisation of the Whole onto a War footing

Card 3

Front

However, when was full mobilization achieved?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Before 1942 what did the army suffer from?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Provide evidence shorages of weapons not effecting German armies advances before 1942

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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