Further away from where a limb attaches to the body
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Posterior
Behind or nearer to the back
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Anterior
In front of or nearer to the front
6 of 39
Internal
Located inside or further away from the surface
7 of 39
External
Located on or near the surface
8 of 39
Lateral
Further away from the midline of the body
9 of 39
Medial
Closer to the midline of the body
10 of 39
List bones in the Axial Skeleton
Skull, Ribs, Sternum, and Vertabral Column
11 of 39
List bones in the Appendicular Skeleton
Pectoral Girdle, Pelvic Girdle, Arms and Leg bones
12 of 39
Functions of the skeleton
Protection of Vital Organs, Support and maintenance of posture, Providing attachment points, Storage and release of minerals, Blood cell production, Storage of energy
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List the bones in the body (Start from the most Superior Point)
Distinguish between the Cervical Vertebrae, Thoracic Vertebrae, Lumbar Vertebrae and the Sacral Vertebrae
Cervical = Smallest and most mobile (Located most superior) Thoracic = less mobile due to attachment at the ribs, Lumbar = biggest and strongest due to their role as weight-bearers, Sacral = transmit weight from body to pelvis and legs
15 of 39
Outline the fused bones of the Pelvic Girdle
Ilium, Ischium and Pubis
16 of 39
Outline the types of bone
Long Bones, Short Bones, Flat Bones, Irregular Bones
17 of 39
Define Long Bones
Usually a long and cylindrical shaft and are enlarged at both ends, they can be large or small but must be longer than they are wide, most important bones fro movement
18 of 39
Define Short Bones
Small and cube-shaped, usually articulate with one or more bone
19 of 39
Define Flat Bones
Usually have curved surfaces, vary from being thick to thin, provide protection and area fro muscle attachment
20 of 39
Define Irregular Bones
specialized shapes and functions (Vertebrae, Sacrum, Coccyx)
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Define the term Joint
Where two or more bones come into contact or articulate with each other
22 of 39
Main function of a joint
Increase mobility of the body and limbs
23 of 39
Outline the types of joints
Fibrous, Cartilaginous and Synovial
24 of 39
Define Fibrous joints
Have a thin layer of fibrous tissue connecting the edges, no movement is allowed at these joints (Sutures in the Skull)
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Define Cartilaginous joints
Can be sperated by a fibrocartilage disc or by a thick layer of hyaline cartilage, limited movement at these joints
26 of 39
Define Synovial joints
Most common, Most important for mobility
27 of 39
The term for the space between the bones
Joint cavity or Articular Cavity
28 of 39
Main functions of cartilage
Reduce Friction, Absorb shock, Protect bones
29 of 39
List the types of Synovial joint
Gliding Joints, Hinge Joints, Pivot Joints, Condyloid Joints, Saddle Joint, Ball and Socket Joints
30 of 39
Outline the types of Muscle
Skeletal, Cardiac and Smooth
31 of 39
Define Skeletal Muscle
Under voluntary control, Striated appearance, Main function is mobility
32 of 39
Define Cardiac Muscle
Or Heart muscle, Striated, Involuntary control
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Define Smooth Muscle
Lines the walls of blood vessels and hollow organs (Stomach, Intestines), Involuntary, Not striated
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Outline the Main functions of a muscle
Movement, Transport substances, Posture, Body Heat (Shivering)
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Outline the Properties of Muscle Tissue
Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity
36 of 39
Distinguish between the Origin and Insertion of a muscle
Origin = Most proximal attachment, Insertion = Most distal attachment
37 of 39
Define Tendon
Strong strips that attach the muscle to the bone
38 of 39
Define Ligament
Strong bands of tough fibrous tissue which are fixed to the bones in the joint
39 of 39
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Above or nearer to the head
Back
Superior
Card 3
Front
Nearer to where a limb attaches to the body
Back
Card 4
Front
Further away from where a limb attaches to the body
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