Things that aid communication but aren't language, eg body language and facial expressions
3 of 23
Prosodic features
"sound effects" like stress and pitch
4 of 23
Stress
Emphasis placed on certain words or syllables
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Intonation
The rise and fall of someone's speaking voice.
6 of 23
Adjacency pair
When one utterance leads to another in turn-taking, eg a question leading to an answer
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Back channelling
Feedback through encouraging noises or positive comments like "yeah", which encourage the speaker
8 of 23
Running repair
The process of socially organising a question if two people accidentally start talking simultaneously
9 of 23
Topic marker
An utterance that establishes a conversation's topic
10 of 23
Topic shifter
An utterance that changes the topic of a conversation, like "so anyway"
11 of 23
Interrupted construction
When the speaker abandons an utterance in the middle of it and moves on to another tact, focus or topic
12 of 23
False starts
When a speaker realises the start of the utterance won't work and stops and rephrases it
13 of 23
Hesitation indicators
Interjections like "um" "er" which buy the speaker time while they think of what to say
14 of 23
Latch-ons
When a speaker starts as soon as the previous speaker has finished, with little or no pause. Could be to establish conversational dominance or because of familiarity between speakers
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Glottal stops
Omission of dental sounds in the middle of words, like when "butter" becomes "bu'er"
16 of 23
Non-fluency features
Features that indicate someone is not speaking fluently, which could be for several reasons. Eg stammering when under pressure or a foreign speaker inverting syntax
17 of 23
Tag question
A question added to a statement, eg "It's cold, isn't it?"
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Vocative
A direct reference to another speaker, eg "Bob, can you...?"
19 of 23
Elision
The omission of a vowel or syllable in the proninciation of a word
20 of 23
Code switching
When a speaker can alter register/clarity in order to suit their social sitution
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Recieved Pronounciation
"The Queen's English". Stereotypical posh English accent. What Tom Hiddleston sounds like.
22 of 23
Idiolect
The speech patterns of a particular person
23 of 23
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
How it is presented, ie written or spoken
Back
Mode
Card 3
Front
Things that aid communication but aren't language, eg body language and facial expressions
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