The ways words are pronounced by the speaker. An accent can vary according to region or social class.
Acent
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Parallel expressions used across the boundaries of individual speaking turns
Adjacency Pairs
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Words, phrases or non-verbal utterances used by a listener to give feedback and encourage the speaker
Back channeling
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A reduced form often marked by an apostrophe in writing
Contraction
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Words in speech that refer to something outside of the texts - a sort of verbal pointing. They often will not make sense outside of the context.
Diexis
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Words and phrases used to signal the relationship and connections between utterances and to signpost the speech.
Discourse marker
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The omisson or eliding of one or more sounds/syllables. For example 'don't' become 'dunno'
Ellision
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The omission of part of a grammatical structure.
Ellipsis
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This is when a speaker begins an utterance, then stops and either repeats or repairs it.
False start
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Items that do not make conventional sense, but which are inserted into speech to give the speaker time to think while holding their turn in the conversation.
Filled/unvoiced pause
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An individual's way of speaking
Idiolect
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What are these all examples of hesitations, false starts, fillers, repetitions, overlaps and interruptions.
Non-fluency features
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Basically, a speaker's body language. It is the use of gestures, facial expressions and other non-verbal elements (i.e. laughter) to add meaning to the speech
Paralinguistic features
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Essentially, how something is said. A speaker may use features such as stress, rhythm, pitch, tempo, volume and intonation to emphasise aspects of his/her speech as well as conveying emotion
Prosodic features
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An alteration that is made by the speaker or addressee, in order to clarify or correct a detail within the conversation
Repairs/Self correction
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String of words normally added to a declarative sentence to turn the statement into a question.
Tag question
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Language in conversation used for interpersonal reasons and/or socialising
Interactional talk
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Conversational utterances that have no concrete purpose other than to establish or maintain personal relationships. It's related to small talk - and follows traditional patterns, with stock responses and formulaic expressions
Phatic talk
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Language to get things done or to transmit content or information (used when the participants are exchanging goods and/or services)
Transactional talk
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Giving information or talking about a particular topic
Referential talk
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Communicating feelings, ideas, emotions and opinions.
Expressive talk
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Statements that sound imprecise and unassertive. E.g - " and so on", "or whatever", "thingummy", "whatsit".
Vague Language
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Parallel expressions used across the boundaries of individual speaking turns
Back
Adjacency Pairs
Card 3
Front
Words, phrases or non-verbal utterances used by a listener to give feedback and encourage the speaker
Back
Card 4
Front
A reduced form often marked by an apostrophe in writing
Back
Card 5
Front
Words in speech that refer to something outside of the texts - a sort of verbal pointing. They often will not make sense outside of the context.
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