Spermatogenesis

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  • Created by: Lotto65
  • Created on: 16-10-17 18:33
What is spermatogenesis?
Production of male gametes in the testes
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What is oogenesis?
Production of female gametes in the ovaries
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What four processes do spermatogenesis and oogenesis have in common?
Mitosis; Cell growth; Meiosis; Differentiation
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What is the purpose of the mitosis stage?
Produces large number of diploid cells
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What is the purpose of the cell growth stage?
So cells have enough resources to undergo two meiosis divisions
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What is the purpose of the meiosis stages?
Produce haploid cells
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What is the purpose of the differentiation stage?
So haploid cells develop into gametes with structures needed for fertilisation
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Which cells divide by mitosis to produce diploid cells?
Primordial germ cells or germinal epithelium cells
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What do the diploid cells gain in growing?
More cytoplasm
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What are the cells called after cell growth?
Primary spermatocytes
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What do the primary spermatocytes do to produce?
First division by meiosis to form two secondary spermatocytes
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What do the secondary spermatocytes do and then produce?
Second meiosis division to produce spermatids
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What do the spermatids attach to that act as 'nurse cells'?
Sertoli cells
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What do sertoli cells do?
Help spermatids develop into spermatozoa (differentiation); provide food and the right environment and surround them for meiosis
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What do sperm cells do after development?
Detach from sertoli cells and are carried out of the testes by fluid in the seminiferous tubule
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What does the acrosome do on a sperm cell?
Contains enzymes to digest the zona pelludica around the egg
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What do the helical mitochondrion do?
Produce ATP from aerobic respiration to supply energy for swimming and other processes in the sperm
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What does the sperm tail do?
Provides propulsion to allow the sperm to swim up the vagina, uterus and oviduct until it reaches the egg
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What do protein fibres do?
Strengthen the tail
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What do microtubules do?
In a 9+2 array causing the sperm tail to beat from side to side and generate forces to propel the sperm
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What are the sperm cells called after the mitosis phase?
Spermatogonium
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What is added to the sperm cell at differentiation?
Acrosome, midpiece and tail
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What do interstitial cells do?
Secrete testosterone
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is oogenesis?

Back

Production of female gametes in the ovaries

Card 3

Front

What four processes do spermatogenesis and oogenesis have in common?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the purpose of the mitosis stage?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the purpose of the cell growth stage?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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