speech-functional oral biology

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what is phonation?
generation of sound by vocal folds setting air particles into vibration
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what is resonance and articulation?
modify the sound to produce specific complex speech sounds
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what are voiced sounds?
when vocal folds vibrate
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what are unvoiced (breathed) sounds
vocal folds do not viberate so- articulated only: **, p, ff
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what are the structures/ systems involved in phonation
respiratory system, larynx- vocal folds
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what are the stuctures/ systems involved in resonance
pharynx, oral and nasal cavities
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what are the structures involved in articulation?
lips, tongue, teeth, palate
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what is phonation initiated by?
by active closing of vocal folds followed by passive vibration of the folds from the expired air
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what is frequency of fold vibration determined by?
size of the vocal fold- (men=17-24, women=13-17), fold tension (as tension increases, the frequency increases ), force of expiration
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what is resonance and articulation?
the modification of the sound to produce specific complex speech sounds
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what is resonance?
a vibration of large amplitude produced by a relatively small vibration near the same frequency of vibration as the natural frequency of the resonating system. natural frequency linked to shape/volume and material
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the resonating cavities are how: larynx, pharynx, nasal and oral
larynx and pharynx= relatively fixed form. Nasal= fixed shape/ volume but can divert air into or away from them. oral= subject to much change in volume and shape. the position of the tongue can change shape of oral cavity
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what pathological changes can alter voice sounds?
nasal blockage and cleft palate
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what's a dipthong
2 vowels sounds in rapid succession
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what are constants produced by? and what is air flow impeded by?
consonants produced by an articulation. air flow is impeded (partial or total interruption) by tongue, teeth and lips
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what is plosive, nasal, fricative and affricative classification of sounds?
plosive= complete stoppage of air. Nasal= obstructions in mouth but nasal passage open. Fricative= partial stoppage only. Affricative= partial stoppage with rapid release of air
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what are some plosive sounds and how these classified as?
bilabial-p and b. alveolar- d and t, palate- k and g
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what are some nasal sounds and how are these classified as?
bilabial- m, alveolar -n, soft palate- ng
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what are some of the fricative sounds and how are these classified as?
labio dental- f and v, lingua dental-th,alveolar-s and z
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what are some of the affricative sounds and how are these classified as?
greater part of tongue in contact or just out of contact with the hard palate - sh, ch, j
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what can cause different sounds to be made in the mouth?
tooth loss, removable or fixed prosphodontics, orthodontics, occlusal splints
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is resonance and articulation?

Back

modify the sound to produce specific complex speech sounds

Card 3

Front

what are voiced sounds?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what are unvoiced (breathed) sounds

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what are the structures/ systems involved in phonation

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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