Specialised cells (page 13) 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCells, tissues and organsGCSEEdexcel Created by: emj790Created on: 26-11-16 11:13 What is different about specialised cells from normal cells? Their structure can vary 1 of 40 What do multicellular organisms contain? Lots of different types of cells 2 of 40 What is the definition of specialised cells? Cells that have a structure which makes them adapted to their function 3 of 40 What are egg and sperm cells specialised for? Reproduction 4 of 40 In sexual reproduction, how do we create a fertilised egg? The nucleus of an egg cell fuses with the nucleus of a sperm cell 5 of 40 What does the fertilised egg develop into? An embryo 6 of 40 What develops into an embryo? A fertilised egg 7 of 40 What contains half the chromosomes in a normal body cell? The nucleus of an egg and of a sperm cell 8 of 40 What is an egg and sperm cell therefore? Haploid cell 9 of 40 A haploid cell contains how many chromosomes? 23 10 of 40 A normal body cell is a what? Diploid cell 11 of 40 How many chromosomes are in a diploid cell? 46 12 of 40 Why is it important that the egg and sperm need to be haploid? So that when they combine at fertilisation, the resulting cell will have the right number of chromosomes (46). 13 of 40 What are the main functions of an egg cell? To carry the female DNA and to nourish the developing embryo in the early stages. 14 of 40 How is it adapted to it's function?(3) It contains nutrients (in the cytoplasm) to feed the embryo. It has a haploid nucleus. Straight after fertilisation, it hardens. 15 of 40 Why does the egg contain nutrients in the cytoplasm? To feed the embryo 16 of 40 What happens to the membrane of the egg cell straight after fertilisation? It changes structure 17 of 40 Why does the membrane change structure? To stop any more sperm getting in 18 of 40 Why does it try to stop any more sperm getting in? To make sure the offspring end up with the right amount of DNA 19 of 40 What is the function of a sperm cell? To transport the male's DNA to the female's egg 20 of 40 What does a sperm have to be able to swim up to the egg? A long tail 21 of 40 Why does a sperm have a long tail? To be able to swim up to the egg 22 of 40 What does the sperm have to provide it with energy? Lots of mitochondria 23 of 40 Why does the sperm have lots of mitochondria? To provide it with energy 24 of 40 Why does it need this energy? To swim the long distance to the egg 25 of 40 Where is the mitochondria stored in the sperm? In the middle section 26 of 40 What does the sperm have at the front of the "head"? An acrosome 27 of 40 What does the acrosome store? Enzymes 28 of 40 Why does the sperm have these enzymes? To digest its way through the membrane of the egg cell 29 of 40 What do the sperm and egg cells both have? A haploid nucleus 30 of 40 What are ciliated epithelial cells specialised for? Moving materials 31 of 40 What do epithelial cells line? The surfaces of organs 32 of 40 What do some of the epithelial cells have? Cilia 33 of 40 Where is the cilia on the epithelial cell? On the top surface of the cell 34 of 40 What do the cilia do? Beat to move substances in one direction, along the surface of the tissue 35 of 40 What contains lots of ciliated epithelial cells? The lining of airways 36 of 40 Why do the lining of airways have lots of ciliated epithelial cells? These helps to move mucus (and the particles of air that it has trapped) 37 of 40 Where does it move the mucus and air? Up to the throat 38 of 40 Why does it move it up to the throat? So that it can be swallowed 39 of 40 Where does it not want the mucus to go? Into the lungs 40 of 40
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