Stimulus activates sensory receptor, nerve impulses conducted along neural pathway to brain, the brain then sends out the right information
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What is perception?
conscious awareness of interpretation of sensations
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What is adaptation?
decrease in strength of a sensation during prolonged stimulus
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What are photoreceptors?
sensitive to light
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What are chemoreceptors?
sensitive to chemicals
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What are pain receptors?
sensitive to injury
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What are thermoreceptors?
sensitive to temperature
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what are the special senses?
touch, sight, smell, hearing/ balance, tatse
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What protects the eye?
eyelids, eyelashes/eyebrows, bony socket, tear ducts and pupil size
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How many external muscles move the eye?
6
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what does the cornea do?
clear window that allows light to enter
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what does the aqueous humour do?
fills the space between cornea and lens
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what does the conjunctiva do?
clear thin layer covering the front of the eyes
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what is the sclera?
white-coloured protective layer surrounding the eye
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what is the pupil?
hole in the middle of the iris
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what is the iris?
changes size to control size and gives colour
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what is the ciliary muscles?
changes shape of lens to bring images to focus
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what is the lens?
helps focus an image
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what is the optic nerve?
joins the eye to the brain
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what is the retina?
inner most layer containing light-sensititve cells
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what is the choroid?
middle layer preventing light from reflecting all round eye
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what is the vitreous humour?
jelly-like that helps maintain shape
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What type of light-sensitive cells are in the retina?
RODS: contains rhodopsin and used in dim light, CONES: used for red, green and blue light
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What is vision?
light enters the eye through the pupil and refracted by cornea, focused onto retina by lens and vitreous humour. We use both eyes in binocular vision
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what does olfaction mean?
sense of smell
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how many olfactory receptors does the nose contain
10-100 million
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what does the olfactory epithelium contain?
olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells and basal cells
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What does the outer ear contain?
external pinna (collects sound waves) and ear cannal
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What does the middle ear contain?
Ossicles: malleus, incus, and stapes
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What does the inner ear contain?
sensory organs for hearing and balance. The cochlea is the hearing part of the inner ear. The semicircular canals in the inner ear are part of our balance
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