Changes in the water level of seas and oceans caused by the gravitational pull of the moon , and to a less extent the sun
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What is a Tidal Range?
The relative difference in height between high and low tides
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When is the Tidal range highest?
During Spring tides
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When is the Tidal range lowest?
During Neap Tides
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When does a Neap Tide occur?
When the moon is at right angles to the sun, during its 1st or last quarter
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How does the gravitational pull act during a Neap Tide?
Act against eachother to create lower High tides and higher Low tides
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When does a Spring Tide occur?
When the sun and moon are in line. During a full moon or new moon
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How does the gravitational pull act during a Spring Tide?
Act together, creating higher High tides and lower Low tides
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What are the characteristics of waves during a High tidal range?
Waves only break at a specific level for a short period of time
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What are the characteristics of waves during a Low tidal range?
Waves are concentrated on a small section of cliff for a longer period of time
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What is associated with a High Energy Environment?
Rocky coasts, Powerful waves. Rate of erosion exceeds the rate of deposition. Erosional Landforms
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What is associated with a Low Energy Environment?
Weaker waves. Coasts sheltered from large waves. Rate of deposition exceeds rate of erosion. Beaches, spits and bars
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What is Wave Refraction?
The distortion (bending) of waves as they approach a shoreline
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How do Converging Orthogonals form?
At shallower water, waves concentrate between 2 headlands, wave frequency increases as it becomes shallower due to wave cut platform increasing friction
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How do Diverging Orthogonals form?
At deeper water, waves become less concentrated and wave frequency decreases, friction decreased
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Largest to smallest, What are the 5 main Sediment Sources?
Rivers, Cliff erosion, Long-shore drift, Glaciers and Offshore
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Inputs to a sediment cell:
Primarily rivers and cliff erosion, Bars and Beaches
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What are the 4 main offshore processes transferring Sediment?
Traction, Saltation, Solution and Suspension
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Transfers in a sediment cell:
Long-shore drift , offshore and onshore processes
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What is Traction?
Rolling of coarse sediment along the seabed, that is too heavy to be picked up and carried by the sea
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What is Saltation?
Bouncing of sediment along the seabed , light enough to be picked up or dislodged but too heavy to remain in the flow of water
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What is Suspension?
When smaller, lighter sediment is picked up and carried with the flow of water
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What is Solution?
Chemicals dissolved in the water, transported and precipitated elsewhere
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a Tidal Range?
Back
The relative difference in height between high and low tides
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