Soul, mind, body.

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What did Plato think happened to the soul after death?
He thought it went back to the world of the Forms.
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What did Plato think were the three different parts of the soul?
Reason, appetite, and emotion.
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What example did Plato use to justify his belief that the soul must have lived before the body, in the world of the Forms?
A slave-boy could work out the answers to geometry problems despite being uneducated, which made Plato think he must have known geometry concepts already, before birth.
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What does Aristotle's analogy of wax stamped with a seal illustrate?
It illustrates how the soul is inseparable from the body just as the stamp shape is inseparable from the wax.
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What did Aristotle understand the soul to be?
The capacities or capabilities of living things; their 'essence'.
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What is meant by 'the mind-body problem'?
The problem of the nature of the mind and the body, whether they are separate and how they interact.
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What do substance dualists think are the properties of the mind?
Thought, emotion, memory, etc.
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Why did Descartes think that he could be certain of the existence of his own mind?
Because he was thinking with it.
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What is the name given to the idea that there is only one kind of material which has two distinct sets of properties, mental and physical?
Property dualism.
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Why do reductive materialists reject the notion of life after death?
Because they do not think there is any part of a person which is non-physical and so there is nothing to survive physical death.
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In which book does Ryle write about his rejection of the idea of 'the ghost in the machine'?
The Concept of Mind.
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What does Dawkins mean when he talks about 'soul one' and 'soul two'?
He means two distinct beliefs about the soul. One is the belief in the soul as a separate part of the person, capable of surviving death, and two is the belief that the soul is the essence of a person in terms of their individuality and personality.
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Card 2

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What did Plato think were the three different parts of the soul?

Back

Reason, appetite, and emotion.

Card 3

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What example did Plato use to justify his belief that the soul must have lived before the body, in the world of the Forms?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does Aristotle's analogy of wax stamped with a seal illustrate?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What did Aristotle understand the soul to be?

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