Sociology Definition Flashcards

Sociology terms and their meaning(s).

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  • Created by: Freyja8
  • Created on: 11-01-15 17:09
Social Recrimination
Be punished for it/Stereotyped.
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Social Control
People conforming to rules.
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Cultural Diversity
The differences between cultures.
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Objectively
Not our own ideas of influenced beliefs.
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Dominant Culture
The majority that make up our culture e.g. White British.
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Subculture
The minority that make up our culture e.g. young, old, homosexual, Asian, Middle-Class etc that few people belong to.
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Socialisation
The process by which we learn the norms and values and rules of our culture. An ongoing process throughout life that only ends in death. The main method of social control.
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Primary Socialisation
The most important period of learning, during early childhood. It largely takes place within the family and home.
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Secondary Socialisation
The learning of further skills and attitudes, that builds upon primary socialisation. Sources of secondary socioalisation include: schools, the media, religion, friends (peer group) etc.
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Ethnic Group
A social group whose members share an identity based on their cultural traditions, religion or language.
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Ethnic Majority
The ethnic group that forms the majoirty of the population.
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Ethnic Minority
A group of people who are from a different ethnic group from the majority of the population.
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Hierarchy
The organisation of people into different ranks or levels.
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Status
Your position in society linked to how much you're represented by others, your power, influence and wealth.
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Social Class
A group of people sharing a similar status.
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Achieved Status
A position you work for yourself. One that you have earned. e.g. a promotion at work.
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Ascribed Status
A position (powerful or not) that you are born into e.g. The Royal Family.
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Sex (Male/Female)
Biological differences e.g. penis or vagina, Sex identity.
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Gender (Masculine/Feminine)
Social Differences e.g. how you dress and how you act, Gender Identity.
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Norms
The unspoken and unwritten rules of behaviour in everyday life. Over a long period of time they can become 'traditions' or 'customs'.
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Values
The beliefs behind norms. Beliefs generally held about what are good and bad or right and wrong.
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Roles
The expectations that a person's position carries with it. People are likely to have many roles (e.g. son, daughter, friend etc).
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Language, Signs and Symbols
The different ways in which we can communicate with each other.
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Sanctions
The punishments we fear we may face if we do not follow the norms of our society (and the rewards we work towards if we're successful).
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Macro
Society shapes the individual.
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Micro
The individual(s) shape society.
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Objectification
Women are seen as objects.
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Patriarchy
A male dominated society.
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Oppression
The exercise of authoirty or power over women.
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Family
A form of household where all of the people who live together are related through either kinship ties , blood or marriage.
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Kinship
Refers to relationships based on biological or marital ties.
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Household
A group of people who live together, they may or may not be related through blood or marriage. It may also be people who share a house for conveniance e.g. university students.
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Lone Parent Family
One which consists of children and just one parent.
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Extended Family
One which contains relatives beyond the nuclear family. It is a family of 3 generations living together.
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Same-Sex Family
Consists of 2 parents of the same sex and one or more children.
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One-Person Household or Singleton
Refers to someone who lives by themselves.
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Nuclear Family
One which consists of a mother, father and their child/ children (cereal packet family).
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Beanpole Family
Consists of a Nuclear Family with one or two children who maintain regular contact with their grandparents.
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Reconstitued Family
One which is often refered to as a 'step family'. This type of family still consists of parents and children although one parent may be a social parent.
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Cohabitation
A man and a woman living together (with or without children) who are not married.
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Social Parent
Someone who is not a biological parent to a child.
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Patrilocal Family
When a husbnad and a wife (possibly with kids too) live in the home of the husband's family.
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Matrilocal Family
When a husbnad and a wife (possibly with kids too) live in the home of the wife's family.
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Monogomy
A marriage between one man and one woman.
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Serial Monogomy
The practise of having a number of long-term romantic or sexual partners in succession.
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Patriarchal Family
A family where the father is the authority figure of the house and everyone gains his approval or follows his instructions.
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Matriarchal Family
A family where the mother is the authority figure of the house and everyone gains her approval or follows her instructions.
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Egalitarian Family
A family that has an arrangement in which power is shared more-or-less equally by the husband and wife.
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Polyandry
A marriage between one woman and more than one man.
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Polygyny
A marriage between one man and more than one women.
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Securalisation
The declining of religion.
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Concencus
General Agreement (Society as a whole).
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Divorce
The legal termination of the marriage.
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Desertion
Where one partner leaves the other but the couple remain legally married.
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Legal Seperation
When a couple separates the financial and legal affairs of the couple but they remain married and are not free to re-marry.
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Empty Shell Marriage
The couple continue to live under the same roof but remian married in name only.
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Rose-Tinted
When a theory is too positive and ignores the negative aspects.
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Triple Shift
Where women have to do the paid work, domestic work and the emotional work.
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Life Course
An individual may move between different family and household settings over their lifetime as situations and relationships change.
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Migration
Refers to the movement of people from place to place, it can be internal, within society, or international.
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Immigration
Refers to movement into an area or society.
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Emigration
Refers to movement out.
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Net Migration
Difference between the numbers immigrating and the numbers emigrating, is expressed as a net increase or decrease due to migration.
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Social Construct
The idea that an apparently objective phenomenon is created by society ot its institutions, rather than being a natural occurence.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

People conforming to rules.

Back

Social Control

Card 3

Front

The differences between cultures.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Not our own ideas of influenced beliefs.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The majority that make up our culture e.g. White British.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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