Sociology Topic 1 and 2

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  • Created by: _marxlee
  • Created on: 18-04-17 11:46
What is meant by crime?
Breaking the law and as such may follow criminal proceedings such as police caution, court proceedings and for serious offences; prison.
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What is meant by deviance?
Persons actions which deviate from accepted norms and values.
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What is meant by the term relative?
Meaning they change over time, depending on culture and circumstance.
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What is meant by socially constructed?
Created and defined by society
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What is meant by social order?
General order or conformity to shared norms and values
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What is meant by social control?
The processes which people are persuaded to obey rules and conform
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What is meant by informal social control?
Agencies such as the media, family and friends which control our behaviour without it being their primary function
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What is mean by formal social control?
Agencies such as the police, courts and army which are specifically set up to control our behaviour
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What is the typical criminal?
Working class, male and disproportionately likely to be black
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How much of the population is black youths?
3.5%
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What percentage of prisoners have been unemployed prior to imprisonment?
67%
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What percentage of prisoners were homeless prior to imprisonment?
32%
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Which sociologist found the following as factors among inmates: experiencing violence in the family, having run away, being excluded and having no qualifications?
Williams 2012
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What did Cavadino and dignan find?
Great differences between the classes when it comes to them committing an offence and their chances of being punished. This may be because of the CJS
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What did the British Crime survey find in relation to the victimisation of social classes?
Lone parents and the unemployed are twice as likely to be burlgled than the average household
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Which social class are more likely to be hit harder when they are victims of crime?
The poor-working class
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Why is this the case?
They are less likely to have contents insurance compared with wealthier people
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What is meant by multiple victimisation?
People are more likely to be a victim again
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Who are more likely to be a subject of this?
The poor
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What percentage of crime is committed by men?
80%
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What crimes are men more likely to be involved in?
Violent offences
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What crimes are women more likely to be involved in?
Theft and shoplifting
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What is the peak age of crime for both genders?
Males is 18, girls is 15
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Which gender is more likely to be on benefits?
Females
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How can the low crime rate amongst women be explained?
Males in the CJS are more likely to be lenient towards women
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Who suggests this idea?
Pollack-chivalry thesis
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Which gender are more likely to be victims of crime?
Men
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Why is this the case?
Usually to do with fights in the pub and clubs
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What crimes are men likely to be a victim of and who is the perpetrator?
Violent crimes and the perpetrator a stranger
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Males account for how many of the homicide victims?
7 out of 10
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What crimes are women likely to be a victim of and who is the perpetrator?
Domestic violence (2x) and sexual assault (7x) and know the perpetrator
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Over half of female homicide victims since 2013 were killed by who?
A husband or partner
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What is the criminal age of responsibility?
10
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Which age group are more likely to offend?
Young people
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Approx what percentage of all known crimes are committed by young people?
50%
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Young people are more likely to be involved in what type of crime?
Juvenile delinquency e.g. Vandalism and graffiti
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What can explain why youth crime appears in stats more?
Tend to be more visible
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Stats show that which age groups are more likely to fear crime?
Older people
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Who are more likely to be victims in terms of age?
Young people
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Who are more likely to be effected more hardly by crime in terms of age?
Older people- physical, psychological or financial effects
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In a recent survey by CSEW what percentage of children were victims of crime?
12%
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What was the majority of offences?
Violent offences
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Stats show that which ethnic groups are more likely to be stopped and searched?
Black and Asian backgrounds
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Black people are how many times more likely to get stopped and searched?
7 times
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Black people were arrested how many times more than white people in 2010?
3 times
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What did Bowling and Philips point out?
The CPS are more likely to drop cases against black suspects, perhaps this is because the police are more likely to charge them with inadequate evidence
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In 2013 how much of the population compromised of British Asians?
6.4%
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What percentage of British Asians accounted for the stop and search rates?
10.3%
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What did the CSEW FROM 2012/13 reveal about black, mixed and Asians?
More at risk of being a victim of crime
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How many more times likely are black people are getting murdered?
5 times
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What is meant by intra-racial?
Black on black or white on white
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is meant by deviance?

Back

Persons actions which deviate from accepted norms and values.

Card 3

Front

What is meant by the term relative?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is meant by socially constructed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is meant by social order?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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