He distinguished between two types of speech code (Resticted Code and Elaborated Code)
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In what year did Bernstein make his discovery?
1975
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What did Bordieu do?
He argued that both cultural and material factors contribute to educational achievement. Also, he identifies two further types of 'capital', Educational Capital and Cultural Capital. This helps him to explain why the middle class are more successful.
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In what year did Bordieu make his discovery?
1984
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What did Sugarman do?
He argues that working-class subculture has four key features that act as a barrier to educational achievement: Fatalism, Collectivism, Immediate Gratification and Present-time orientation.
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In what year did Sugarman make his discovery?
1970
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What did Becker do?
He carried out an important interactionist study of labelling.
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What did Becker's study involve?
He based his views on interviews with 60 Chicago High School Teachers. Their judgements were influenced by the: pupils work, conduct and appearance. They saw children from middle-class backgrounds as the closest to the 'ideal pupil'.
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In what year did Becker make his discovery?
1971
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What did Gillbourn and Youdell do?
They studied two London secondary schools, to show how teachers use stereotypical notions of 'ability' to stream pupils.
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What did they find out from their study?
They found that teachers are less likely to see working-class (and black) pupils as having ability. As a result of this, these specific pupils are more likely to be placed in lower streams and entered for lower-tier GCSEs.
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What else did Gillbourn and Youdell link this discovery to?
They link streaming to the policy of publishing exam league tables. They call this process 'Educational Triage'.
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In what year did Gillbourn and Youdell make their discovery?
2001
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What did Feinsten find out?
He found that educated parents are more likely to use language which will develop their childs development.
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In what year did Feinsten make his discovery?
2008
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What did Bernstein and Young find out?
They found that middle-classs mothers are more likely to buy educational toys, books and activities, this stimulates intellectual development.
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In what year did Bernstein and Young make their discovery?
1967
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What did Blanden and Machin discover?
They found out that children from low income families were more likely to engage in 'externalising' behaviour, such as fighting and temper tantrums. This had an impact on their schooling as it would disrupt them.
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In what year did Blanden and Machin make their discovery?
2007
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What did Tanner do?
She found out that the cost of items, such as transport, uniforms, books, computers, calculators and sports equipment place a heavy burden on poor families.
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What is the result of Tanner's study?
Her study shows that poor children may have to do with hand-me-downs and cheaper unfashionable equipment. This may result in being isolated or bullied by peers. For many children, suitable clothes are essential for self-esteem and 'fitting in'.
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In what year did Tanner make her discovery?
2003
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
1975
Back
In what year did Bernstein make his discovery?
Card 3
Front
He argued that both cultural and material factors contribute to educational achievement. Also, he identifies two further types of 'capital', Educational Capital and Cultural Capital. This helps him to explain why the middle class are more successful.
Back
Card 4
Front
1984
Back
Card 5
Front
He argues that working-class subculture has four key features that act as a barrier to educational achievement: Fatalism, Collectivism, Immediate Gratification and Present-time orientation.
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