Sociology Key Terms

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Cultural Deprivation
The lack of cultural equipments, needed to do well in school. i.e revision guides
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Material Deprivation`
Lack of material necessities, needed to do well in school. i.e income, diet and housing.
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Cultural Capital
Knowledge and attitudes, values, language, tastes and likes of middle class, that set them above the W/C
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Economic Capital
The materials, money and status that the M/C have more of
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Restricted Code
Speech code, limited vocab and grammatically simple-W/C
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Elaborated Code
Wider vocab, grammatically complex sentences-M/C
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Marketisation
Running of schools like businesses, competition between schools and parental choice
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Parentocracy
Schools run and influenced by parents
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Privileged-Skilled Choosers
Professional M/C parents, that use their economic and cultural capitals, to gain educational capital for their children. ie to move nearer to a better school
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Disconnected-Skilled Choosers
W/C parents, that have a lack of economic and cultural capital and therefore are less able to gain the best educational capital
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Semi-Skilled Choosers
W/C parents, have a lack of economic and cultural capitals however are ambitious for their children.
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Educational Capital
Knowledge and qualifications a person gains
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Labelling
Attaching a meaning to an individualq
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Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
An assumption comes true simply because it has been made. i.e student labelled as a failure and they live up to the label and make themselves a failure
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Streaming
Separation of children into different ability groups.
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Differentiation
Teachers categorise pupils according to how they perceive their ability, attitude, or behaviour
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Polarisation
Pupils respond to streaming by moving to opposite extremes
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Pro-School Subcultures
M/C pupils in high streams who stay committed to the values of the school
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Anti-School Subcultures
W/c pupils in low streams who gain status through rebelling against the school
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Pupil Responses
Responses to streaming or labelling
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Ingration
Teacher's pet
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Ritualism
Going through the motions and staying out of trouble
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Retreatism
Day dreaming and messing around
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Rebellion
Rejection of school values
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Finding Formula
Gives school same amount of funds for each pupil
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Exam League Tables
A rank of each school in terms of exam results
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Cream-Skimming
Selecting high ability students, who gain less results and cost less to teach
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Silt-Shifting
Off-loading pupils with learning difficulties who are expensive to teach and get poor results
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Colour Blind
Teachers who believe all pupils are equal but in practise allow racism to go unchallenged
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Liberal Chauanists
Teachers who believe black pupils are culturally deprived and have low expectations of them
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Overt Racists
Teachers who believe blacks are inferior and actively discriminate against them
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Ethnocentric
Judging things in a way based from the viewpoint of one particular culture
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Individual Racism
Results in the prejudiced views of individuals
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Institutional Racism
Discrimination that's built into the way institutions such as schools run
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Hidden Curriculum
Things learnt without being formally taught and often acquired simply through the everyday working of the school. i.e attitudes of obedience and competitiveness
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Tripartite System
Secondary education system, created by the 1944 education act, based on three types of school
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11+ Exam
Used to identify a pupils attitude and ability. Those with high ability went to Grammar Schools=M/C. Lower/mixed ability went to secondary moderns
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1988 Education Reform Act
Introduced by Margaret Thatcher- established the principle of Marketisation in education. By 1: Reducing direct state control over education 2: Increasing competition between schools and parental choice
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Comprehensive System
A non-selective education system where all children attend the same type of secondary school
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Education Action Zones
Introduced in late 1990's to raise educational standards and achievement in some of the most challenging areas
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Multicultural Education
A policy that recognises and values minority cultures and includes them in the curriculum
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Free Schools
Funded by the state, but not run by the state but anyone. Lots of choice
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Lack of material necessities, needed to do well in school. i.e income, diet and housing.

Back

Material Deprivation`

Card 3

Front

Knowledge and attitudes, values, language, tastes and likes of middle class, that set them above the W/C

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The materials, money and status that the M/C have more of

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Speech code, limited vocab and grammatically simple-W/C

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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