Sociology- Beliefs in Society- Key Words 4.5 / 5 based on 3 ratings ? SociologyReligion and beliefsA2/A-levelAQA Created by: wik1498Created on: 20-11-15 11:16 Definition of religion- Substantive (Exclusive) Focuses on content of religious belief, such as a belief in God 1 of 28 Definition of religion- Functional (Inclusive) Focuses on what the religion does for people, for example, it gives theodicy of disprivilege 2 of 28 Definition of religion- Social constructionist (Individualistic) Focuses on what religion means to each individual person 3 of 28 Dysfunction When the consequences of a social institution get in the way of the workings of another institution 4 of 28 Functional prerequisites The basic needs that must be met if society is to survive 5 of 28 Social solidarity Social unity which results from bonds that draw members of society together 6 of 28 Value consensus Agreement about what is considered to be accepted behaviour in a given society 7 of 28 Civil religion Events that involve ritualistic patterns and are usually associated with established religions 8 of 28 Toteism Primitive religion which involves the worship of certain objects 9 of 28 Conservative force When religion acts as a defence of traditional values or is used to defend social arrangements as they are. 10 of 28 Collective consciousness Shared beliefs and values which direct and control behavior and contribute to social solidarity. 11 of 28 Core values The central values of society 12 of 28 Anomie A state of chaos, absence or breakdown of social values and norms. 13 of 28 Superstructure All aspects of society not to do with production e.g. education and religion 14 of 28 Infrastructure A political or social system that has developed from a simpler system (e.g. Communism) 15 of 28 Exploitaion To put down and subdue 16 of 28 Oppression Any form of unfair abuse 17 of 28 Bourgeoisie Those who own the means of production 18 of 28 Proletariat Those who have to sell their labour in order to earn a living 19 of 28 False consciousness Seeing the world in terms of ideology which presents a false picture of reality 20 of 28 Spiritual gin Term used by Lenin in which religion is seen as a form of escapism which blinds people's awareness to the reality around them 21 of 28 Opium of the people Term used by Marx to describe the way religion is used by the working class to numb the pain of their exploitation 22 of 28 Ideological state apparatus Agencies of the state which serve to spread the dominant ideology (superstructure, e.g. education) 23 of 28 Social control Methods used to persuade or force individuals to conform to the dominant social norms and values 24 of 28 Ethnocentrism A set of beliefs and values based on the view that some cultures are superior 25 of 28 Differential socialisation When males and females are taught different norms and values according to their biological differences 26 of 28 Patriarchal ideology Ideas that support and justify male domination of society 27 of 28 Liberating To be realised from oppressive behaviour 28 of 28
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